Abstract—
We have studied the feasibility of preparing high-density (98.6–99.5%) Y2.5Nd0.5Al5O12 (YAG)–xMgO (x = 5, 10, 20 vol %) composite ceramics by spark plasma sintering. YAG–MgO powder materials have been prepared via MgO precipitation from an aqueous solution of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, on the surface of garnet particles. The sintering rate of the YAG–MgO composites has been shown to be controlled by volume diffusion at low temperatures and by grain-boundary diffusion at elevated temperatures.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Cocuaud, N. et al., Inert matrices, uranium-free plutonium fuels and americium targets. Synthesis of CAPRA, SPIN and EFTTRA studies, Proc. Conf. GLOBAL'97, Yokohama, 1997, pp. 1044–1049.
Chauvin, N., Konings, R.J., and Matzke, H., Optimization of inert matrix fuel concepts for americium transmutation, J. Nucl. Mater., 1999, vol. 274, nos. 1–2, pp. 105–111.
Neeft, E.A.C., Bakker, K., Schram, R.P.C., et al., The EFTTRA-T3 irradiation experiment on inert matrix fuels, J. Nucl. Mater., 2003, vol. 320, nos. 1–2, pp. 106–116.
Golovkina, L.S., Orlova, A.I., Boldin, M.S., et al., Development of composite ceramic materials with improved thermal conductivity and plasticity based on garnet-type oxide, J. Nucl. Mater., 2017, vol. 489, pp. 158–163.
Potanina, E., Golovkina, L., Orlova, A., et al., Lanthanide (Nd, Gd) compounds with garnet and monazite structures. Powders synthesis by “wet” chemistry to sintering ceramics by spark plasma sintering, J. Nucl. Mater., 2016, vol. 473, pp. 93–98.
Golovkina, L.S., Orlova, A.I., Nokhrin, A.V., et al., Ceramics based on yttrium aluminum garnet containing Nd and Sm obtained by spark plasma sintering, Adv. Ceram. Sci. Eng., 2013, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 161–165.
Tomilin, S.V., Lizin, A.A., Lukinykh, A.N., et al., Radiation resistance and chemical stability of yttrium aluminum garnet, Radiokhimiya, 2011, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 162–165.
Livshits, T.S., Lizin, A.A., Zhang, J.M., and Ewing, R.C., Amorphization of rare earth aluminate garnets under ion irradiation and decay of 244Cm admixture, Geol. Ore Deposits, 2010, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 267–278.
Gregg, D.J., Karatchevtseva, I., Triani, G., et al., The thermophysical properties of calcium and barium zirconium phosphate, J. Nucl. Mater., 2013, vol. 441, pp. 203–210.
Ryu, H.J., Lee, Y.W., Cha, S.I., et al., Sintering behaviour and microstructures of carbides and nitrides for the inert matrix fuel by spark plasma sintering, J. Nucl. Mater., 2006, vol. 352, pp. 341–348.
Kamel, N., Aϊt-Amar, H., Kamel, Z., et al., On the basic properties of an iron-based simulated cermet inert matrix fuel, synthesized by a dry route in oxidizing conditions, Prog. Nucl. Eng., 2006, vol. 48, pp. 590–598.
Wang, B., Jiang, H., Jia, X., et al., Thermal conductivity of doped YAG and GGG laser crystal, Front. Optoelectron. China, 2008, vol. 1, nos. 1–2, pp. 138–141.
Chuvil’deev, V.N., Boldin, M.S., Dyatlova, Ya.G., et al., A comparative study of the hot pressing and spark plasma sintering of Al2O3–ZrO2–Ti(C,N) powders, Inorg. Mater., 2015, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 1047–1053.
Chuvil’deev, V.N., Boldin, M.S., Nokhrin, A.V., and Popov, A.A., Advanced materials obtained by spark plasma sintering, Acta Astronaut., 2017, vol. 135, pp. 192–197.
Tokita, M., Spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, systems, and applications, Handbook of Advanced Ceramics, New York: Academic, 2013, pp. 1149–1177.
Chuvildeev, V.N., Panov, D.V., Boldin, M.S., et al., Structure and properties of advanced materials obtained by spark plasma sintering, Acta Astronaut., 2015, vol. 109, pp. 172–176.
Orlova, A.I., Koryttseva, A.K., Kanunov, A.E., et al., Fabrication of NZP-type ceramic materials by spark plasma sintering, Inorg. Mater., 2012, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 313–317.
Golovkina, L.S., Orlova, A.I., Chuvil’deev, V.N., et al., Spark plasma sintering of high-density fine-grained Y2.5Nd0.5Al5O12 + SiC composite ceramics, Mater. Res. Bull., 2018, vol. 103, pp. 211–215.
Golovkina, L.S. Orlova, A.I., et al., Spark plasma sintering of fine-grain ceramic–metal composites based on garnet-structure oxide Y2.5Nd0.5Al5O12 for inert matrix fuel, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2018, vol. 214, pp. 516–526.
Sheludyak, Yu.E., Kashporov, L.Ya., Malinin, A.A., et al., Teplofizicheskie svoistva komponentov goryuchikh sistem (Thermophysical Properties of components of Fuel Systems), Moscow, 1992.
Mikhailov, G.G., Makrovets, L.A., and Smirnov, L.A., Thermodynamics of reactions of magnesium, aluminum, carbon, and yttrium with oxygen in iron-based melts, Vestn. Yuzhno-Ural. Gos. Univ., Ser. Metall., 2016, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 5–10.
Adylov, G.T., Mansurova, E.P., and Sigalov, L.M., Phase relations in air, Dokl. Akad. Nauk USSR, 1988, no. 4, pp. 29–31.
Chuvil'deev, V.N., Blagoveshchenskiy, Yu.V., Nokhrin, A.V., et al., Spark plasma sintering of tungsten carbide nanopowders obtained through DC arc plasma synthesis, J. Alloys. Compd., 2017, vol. 708, pp. 547–561.
Andrievskii, A.R. and Spivak, I.I., Prochnost’ tugoplavkikh soedinenii i materialov na ikh osnove. Spravochnoe izdanie (Strength of Refractory Compounds and Related Materials: A Handbook), Chelyabinsk: Metallurgiya, 1989.
Haneda, H., Miyazawa, Y., and Shirasaki, S., Oxygen diffusion in single crystal yttrium aluminum garnet, J. Cryst. Growth, 1984, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 581–588.
Diffusion in Non-Metallic Solids (Part 1), vol. 33B1 of Landolt–Börnstein—Group III Condensed Materials, Beke, D.L., Ed., 1999.
Reddy, K.P.R. and Cooper, A.R., Oxygen diffusion in magnesium aluminate spinel, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1981, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 368–371.
Ando, K. and Oishi, Y., Self-diffusion coefficients of oxygen ion in single crystals of MgO · nAl2O3 spinels, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 625–629.
Frost, H.J. and Ashby, M.F., Deformation-Mechanisms Maps, New York: Pergamon, 1982.
Nokhrin, A.V., Effect of grain-boundary diffusion acceleration during recrystallization of submicrocrystalline metals and alloys prepared by severe plastic deformation, Tech, Phys. Lett., 2012, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 630–633.
Foster, J.D. and Osterink, L.M., Index of refraction and expansion thermal coefficients of Nd:YAG, Appl. Opt., 1968, vol. 7, pp. 2428–2429.
Kaprálik, I., Thermal expansion of spinels MgCr2O4, MgAl2O4 and MgFe2O4, Chem. Zvesti, 1969, vol. 23, pp. 665–670.
Pelleg, J., Diffusion in Ceramics, Solid Mechanics and Its Applications Series, New York: Springer, 2016, vol. 221.
Bratton, R.J., Initial sintering kinetics of MgAl2O4, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1969, vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 417–419.
Bratton, R.J., Sintering and grain-growth kinetics of MgAl2O4, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1971, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 141–143.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 16-13-10464.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by O. Tsarev
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Golovkina, L.S., Nokhrin, A.V., Boldin, M.S. et al. Preparation of Fine-Grained Y2.5Nd0.5Al5O12 + MgO composite ceramics for Inert Matrix Fuels by Spark Plasma Sintering. Inorg Mater 54, 1291–1298 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S002016851812004X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S002016851812004X