Skip to main content
Log in

Scheduling and Optimization of the Delivery of Multimedia Streams Using Query Scripts

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

New techniques are necessary to satisfy the high bandwidth requirement and temporal relationships of multimedia data streams in a network environment. Clients can experience gaps between the multimedia data streams during presentations as the multimedia server services multiple clients. This variable delay occurs between the end of one multimedia stream and the beginning of the next multimedia stream because client requests are queued awaiting service. This leads to interruptions and discontinuities of the client's presentation. Special techniques are necessary to manage the temporal relationships between multimedia streams in distributed environments. In this paper we propose two scheduling algorithms for delivering multimedia streams by using the query script, which is a multimedia database interface for clients. A client can specify all the multimedia objects that make up the presentation and their temporal relationships in a query script. Once submitted, the information in the query script is used by the multimedia database system to schedule and optimize the delivery. Using simulations we analyzed the performance of the proposed delivery scheduling algorithms and the predelivery optimization method. The simulation results show that delivery scheduling algorithms satisfy the specified temporal relationships between multimedia streams while maintaining better use of system resources.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. E. Biersack and F. Thiesse, “Statistical admission control in video servers with variable bit rate streams and constant time length retrieval, ” in Proc. of Euromicro 96, 1996.

  2. E. Biersack, F. Thiesse, and C. Bernhardt, “Constant data length retrieval for video servers with variable bit rate streams, ” in Proc. of IEEE Int'l Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1996, pp. 151-155.

  3. G. Blakowski and R. Steinmetz, “A media synchronization survey: Reference model, specification, and case studies, ” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 5-35, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M.C. Buchanan and P.T. Zellweger, “Scheduling multimedia documents using temporal constraints, ” in Proc. of the Third International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video, Nov. 1992, pp. 237-249.

  5. S. Campbell and S.M. Chung, “Database approach for the management of multimedia information, ” in Multimedia Database Systems: Design and Implementation Strategies, K.C. Nwosu, B. Thuraisingham, and P.B. Berra (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publisher: Dordrecht, 1996, pp. 17-46.

    Google Scholar 

  6. E. Chang and A. Zakhor, “Cost analyses for VBR video servers, ” IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 56-71, Winter 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  7. S.M. Chung (Ed.), Multimedia Information Storage and Management, Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  8. C.J. Date, An Introduction to Database Systems, 7th edn., Addison-Wesley, 2000.

  9. D.J. Gemmell and J. Han, “Multimedia network file servers: Multichannel delay-sensitive data retrieval, ” Multimedia Systems, Vol. 1, No. 6, pp. 240-252, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  10. J.Y. Hui, E. Karasan, J. Li, and J. Zhang, “Client-server synchronization and buffering for variable rate multimedia retrievals, ” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 226-237, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  11. ISO 10744, “Information processing-Hypermedia/time-based structuring language (HyTime), ” 1993.

  12. ISO Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group (MHEG), “Information technology-Coded representation of multimedia and hypermedia information objects, ” ISO/IEC 13522.

  13. M.R. Izquierdo and D.S. Reeves, “A survey of statistical source models for variable-bit-rate compressed video, ” Multimedia Systems, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 199-213, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  14. E.W. Knightly and H. Zhang, “D-BIND: An accurate traffic model for providing QoS guarantees to VBR traffic, ” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 219-231, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  15. D. LeGall, “MPEG: A video compression standard for multimedia applications, ” Communications of the ACM, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 46-58, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  16. P. Lougher and D. Shepherd, “The design of a storage server for continuous media, ” The Computer Journal, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 32-42, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mesquite Software, Getting Started with CSIM17: Users Manual, 1994.

  18. T. Meyer-Boudnik and W. Effelsberg, “MHEG explained, ” IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 26-38, Spring 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  19. MHEG Center, “About MHEG, ” http://www.mhegcentre.com/mheg/tour.htm.

  20. J.L. Mitchell, W.B. Pennebaker, C.E. Fogg, and D. LeGall, MPEG Video Compression Standard, Chapman & Hall, 1996.

  21. F. Nack and A.T. Lindsay, “Everything you wanted to know about MPEG-7: Part 1, ” IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 65-77, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  22. P.V. Rangan and H.M. Vin, “Designing file systems for digital video and audio, ” Operating Systems Review, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 81-94, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  23. C. Ruemmler and J. Wilkes, “An introduction to disk drive modeling, ” Computer, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 17-28, March 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  24. J. Schnepf, J.A. Konstan, and D. Du, “Doing FLIPS: Flexible interactive presentation synchronization, ” in Proc. of International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1995, pp. 213-222.

  25. D.E. Wrege, E.W. Knightly, H. Zhang, and J. Liebeherr, “Deterministic delay bounds for VBR video in packetswitching networks: Fundamental limits and practical tradeoffs, ” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 352-362, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  26. P.S. Yu, M.S. Chen, and D.D. Kandlur, “Grouped sweeping scheduling for DASD-based multimedia storage management, ” Multimedia Systems, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 99-109, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Campbell, S.T., Chung, S.M. Scheduling and Optimization of the Delivery of Multimedia Streams Using Query Scripts. Multimedia Tools and Applications 18, 5–30 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015816232330

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015816232330

Navigation