Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mechanisms and diversity of resistance to sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola in Sorghum bicolor

  • Published:
Euphytica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett) is the most important pest of grain sorghum worldwide, and plant resistance is an important component for the control of this pest. To identify sorghum genotypes with diverse mechanisms of resistance to sorghum midge, we studied oviposition, larval survival, and midge damage in 27 sorghum midge-resistant genotypes, and a susceptible check under greenhouse conditions. Observations were also recorded on floral characteristics and compensation in grain mass. Of the 28 sorghum genotypes tested, 19 showed high levels of antixenosis to oviposition as a component of resistance, and had <20% spikelets with eggs when infested with 10 or 25 sorghum midge females per panicle under no-choice conditions in the headcage. Genotypes IS 8887, IS 10712, IS 21873, IS 21881, ICSV745, and QL 39 showed antibiosis as one of the components of resistance. Lines IS 7005, IS 10712, IS 18563, IS 21873, IS 21881, PM 15936-2,ICSV 197, and ICSV 745 showed <20% spikelets with eggs, larvae,or, midge damaged chaffy spikelets across infestation levels, compared with >80% midge damaged spikelets in QL 12 - the susceptible check. Genotypes showing resistance to sorghum midge have smaller glumes than the susceptible check, QL 12. However, IS 7005, IS 18653, and ICSV745 have relatively large sized glumes, but suffered <20% midge damage suggesting that factors other than glume size also contribute to midge resistance in sorghum. Fourteen genotypes showed >20% compensation in grain mass when the panicles were reduced to 250 spikelets and infested with 10 or 25 midges per panicle. There is considerable diversity in sorghum genotypes showing resistance to sorghum midge. Genotypes with diverse combination of characteristics associated with resistance to sorghum midge can be used in breeding programs to broaden the genetic base and increase the levels of resistance to this insect.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Diarisso, N.Y., B.B. Pendleton, G.L. Teetes, G.C. Peterson & R.M. Anderson, 1998. Spikelet flowering time: cause of sorghum resistance to sorghum midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). J Econ Entomol 91: 1464–1470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faris, M.A., M. De A. Lira & A.F. de S.L. Viega, 1979. Stability of sorghum midge resistance. Crop Sci 19: 557–560.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franzmann, B.A., 1993. Ovipositional antixenosis to Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in grain sorghum. J Aust ent Soc 32: 59–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franzmann, B.A., 1996. Evaluation of a laboratory bioassay for determining resistance levels to sorghum midge Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in grain sorghum. J Aust ent Soc 35: 119–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franzmann, B.A. & D.G. Butler, 1993. Compensation in reduction in seed set due to sorghum midge in midge-susceptible and resistant sorghum. Aust J Exp Agric 33: 193–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hallman, G.J., G.L. Teetes & J.W. Johnson, 1984. Weight compensation of undamaged kernels in response to damage by sorghum midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). J Econ Entomol 77: 1033–1036.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, K.M., 1976. The sorghum midge. Ann Appl Biol 64: 114–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henzell, R.G., B.A. Franzmann & R.L. Brengman, 1994. Sorghum midge resistance research in Australia. SorMill Newslett 35: 41–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henzell, R.G., G.C. Peterson, G.L. Teetes, B.A. Franzmann, H.C. Sharma, O. Youm, A. Ratnadass, A. Toure, J. Raab, and O. Ajayi. 1997. Breeding for resistance to panicle pests of sorghum and pearl millet. In: INTSORMIL and ICRISAT (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Genetic Improvement of Sorghum and Pearl Millet, 22–27 Sept 1996, Lubbock, Texas, pp. 255–280, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.

  • Johnson, J.W., D.T. Rosenow & G.L. Teetes, 1973. Resistance to the sorghum midge in converted sorghum cultivars. Crop Sci 13: 754–755.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, D.R., R.G. Henzell, Y. Tao, I.D. Goodwin, M. Cooper, & C.L. McIntyre, 1996. Combining genetic mapping with pedigree analysis to provide insight into genetic changes achieved by sorghum breeding, pp. 377–382. In: M.A. Foale, R.G. Henzel & J.F. Kniepp (Eds.), Proceedings, Third Australian Sorghum Conference, Australian Institute of Agricultural Science, Melbourne, Australia. Occasional Publication No 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jotwani, M.G., 1978. Investigations on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets with Special Reference to Host Plant Resistance. Final Technical Report (1972–1977). Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. 114 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jotwani, M.G., G.L. Teetes & W.R. Young, 1980. Elements of Integrated Control of Sorghum Pests. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper. FAO, Rome, Italy. 159 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Page, F.D., 1979. Resistance to sorghum midge (Contarinia sorghicola Coquillett) in grain sorghum. Aust J Exp Agric Anim Hus 19: 97–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, G.C., J.W. Johnson, G.L. Teetes & D.T. Rosenow, 1985. Registration of midge resistant sorghum germplasm. Crop Sci 25: 372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rossetto, C.J., N.V. Banzatto, J.F.M. Lara & J.L. Overman, 1975. AF 28, a Sorghum bicolor variety resistant to sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola. Sor Newslett 18: 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossetto, C.J., G. Nagai & J.L. Overman, 1984. Mechanisms of resistance in sorghum variety AF 28 to Contarinia sorghicola (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). J Econ Entomol 77: 1439–1440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., 1985. Screening for sorghum midge resistance and resistance mechanisms. In: Proceedings, International Sorghum Entomology Workshop, 15–21 July 1984, College Station, Texas, USA, pp. 275–292, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., 1993. Host-plant resistance to insects in sorghum and its role in integrated pest management. Crop Prot 12: 11–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., B.L. Agrawal, P. Vidyasagar, C.V. Abraham & K.F. Nwanze, 1993a. Identification and utilization of resistance to sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett), in India. Crop Prot 12: 343–351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., S.Z. Mukuru, E. Manyasa, K.V. Hari Prasad & S. Pande, 1999. Identification of stable sources of resistance in sorghum to midge and their reaction to leaf diseases. Crop Prot 18: 29–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., C.V. Abraham & J.W. Stenhouse, 2002. Inheritance of compensation of grain mass and volume in sorghum and their association with resistance to sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola. Euphytica (in press).

  • Sharma, H.C. & P. Vidyasagar, 1994. Antixenosis component of resistance to sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola Coq. in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Ann Appl Biol 124: 495–507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., P. Vidyasagar & K. Leuschner, 1990. Components of resistance to the sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola Coq. Ann Appl Biol 116: 327–333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, H.C., P. Vidyasagar & V. Subramanian, 1993b. Antibiosis component of resistance in sorghum to midge, Contarinia sorghicola. Ann Appl Biol 123: 469–483.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shyamsunder, J., R. Parameshwarappa, H.K. Nagaraja & N.B. Kajjari, 1975. A new genotype in sorghum resistant to midge (Contarinia sorghicola). Sor Newslett 18: 33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waquil, J.M. & Teetes, G.L. 1990. Impacto do dona da mosca do sorgo, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett, 1898), no peso de cada grao remanescente a infestaco. An ent Soc Brasil 19: 201–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waquil, J.M., Teetes, G.L. & Peterson, G.C. 1986a. Sorghum midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) adult ovipositional behavior on resistant and susceptible sorghum hybrids. J Econ Entomol 79: 530–532.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waquil, J.M., Teetes, G.L., & Peterson, G.C., 1986b. Comparison of immature sorghum midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) development on resistant and susceptible sorghums. J Econ Entomol 79: 833–837.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman, B.R., W.W. McMillian & N.W. Widstrom, 1973. Registration of S-GIRL-MR-1 sorghum germplasm. Crop Sci 13: 398.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, 502 324, India

    H.C. Sharma

  2. Queensland Department of Primary Industries (QDPI), P O Box 102, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia

    B.A. Franzmann

  3. QDPI, Hermitage Research Station, Warwick, 4370, Queensland, Australia

    R.G. Henzell

Authors
  1. H.C. Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B.A. Franzmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R.G. Henzell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sharma, H., Franzmann, B. & Henzell, R. Mechanisms and diversity of resistance to sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola in Sorghum bicolor . Euphytica 124, 1–12 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015634211375

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015634211375

Search

Navigation