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Varietal Resistance in Sorghum to Spotted Stem Borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)

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Abstract

— The spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) is an economically important pest in many sorghum growing areas of Asia and Africa. A chronological progress made in Indian and other programmes on natural and artificial screening techniques is reviewed. Numerous germpiasm accessions were evaluated and resistant sources identified and documented for various parameters of resistance such as foliar damage, “dead hearts” and stem tunnelling.

Studies on the mechanisms of resistance showed predominance of tolerance, variable degrees of antibiosis and antixenosis as only a factor for oviposition. The morphological characters and biochemical factors associated with resistance are discussed. The nature of resistance is polygenic and partially dominant over susceptibility. The inheritance patterns of resistance to foliar damage and/or “dead hearts”, and stem (stalk and peduncle) tunnelling damage are different and independent. Pedigree breeding with single and multiple crosses has been useful to transfer resistance in more economic background. Continuous screening for stem tunnelling over several generations improves the level of resistance. Recurrent selection was suggested alternatively with and without infestation for resistance and yield, respectively to increase the level of tolerance. The resistant sources utilized in developing commercially released high yielding varieties, hybrids and derivatives with low to moderate levels of resistance are listed. Efforts to develop cultivars with levels of resistance higher than presently grown cultivars and combining cross resistance to stem borers and shootfly are under way. Current progress has been reviewed and future strategies are suggested.

Résumé

— Le rongeur de tige, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) est un ravageur d’importance économique dans plusieurs regions d’Asie et Afrique, là ou le sorgho est cultivé. L’article fait de point, selon l’ordre chronologique, sur les progres récapitulation dans de Inde et diverse programes due en natural et en artificielles d’élevage techniques de criblage. Nombreux gérmplasm entree ont evaluate, nombre sources et stabilité de résistance sont identifie due quant au dégâts des feuilles, “dead hearts” et un creusement de tiges est documenté.

Etude sur la mécanismes de résistance deplete predominance du tolerance, variable degree due antibiose et facteur pour la oviposition du antixenosis. Les traits morphologique et biochimique facteurs associate avec la résistance est discutés. La nature de résistance deplete polygenic et résistance était dominante vis à vis la susceptibilité. La patterns de résistance quant au dégâts de feuilles, “dead hearts” et un creusement (stalk et peduncle) des tiges sont difference et indépendament hérités. Pedigré système du sélection in singulier et multiple aux crosses est suggère. Une sélection continue pour le creusement des tiges pendant plusiers generations peut améliorer la resistance. Une sélection frequente est suggéré pour améliorer le niveau de résistance ou tolérance au tongeur de tige ainsi que la récolte du sorgo. Les sources de résistance des variétés, hybrides et leurs dérivées développées ont donné un rendement économique très elèvé. Des efforts sont entrepris pour développer des cultivars ayant un niveau de resistance plus elèvé que celui de cultivars qu’on utilise actuellement. Plusieurs autres varieté a haut rendement avec niveaux élevés de résistance sont aux stades avances d’essai et combining de nouvelles sources de résistance multiples aux rongeurs de tiges et mouche des pousses est en cours. Le progré dans le revue et future stratégie du suggéré.

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  1. All India Coordinated Sorghum Improvement Project, National Research Centre for Sorghum, RajendranagarHyderabad, , 500 030, AP, India

    B. U. Singh & B. S. Rana

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Singh, B.U., Rana, B.S. Varietal Resistance in Sorghum to Spotted Stem Borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Int J Trop Insect Sci 10, 3–27 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400003295

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