Effects of 1 and 3 g Cinnamom on Gastric Emptying, Satiety and Postprandial Blood Glucose, Insulin, Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide, Glucagons-like Peptide 1, and Ghrelin Concentrations in Healthy Subjects

Abstract

Background

A previous study of healthy subjects showed that intake of 6 g cinnamom with rice pudding reduced postprandial blood glucose and the gastric emptying rate (GER) without affecting satiety.

Objective

The objective was to study the effect of 1 and 3 g cinnamom on GER, postprandial blood glucose, plasma concentrations of insulin and incretin hormones [glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)], the ghrelin response, and satiety in healthy subjects.

Design

GER was measured by using real-time ultrasonography after ingestion of rice pudding with and without 1 or 3 g cinnamom. Fifteen healthy subjects were assessed in a crossover trial.

Results

The addition of 1 or 3 g cinnamom had no significant effect on GER, satiety, glucose, GIP, or the ghrelin response. The insulin response at 60 min and the area under the curve (AUC) at 120 min were significantly lower after ingestion of rice pudding with 3 g cinnamom (P = 0.05 and P = 0.036, respectively, after Bonferroni correction). The change in GLP-1 response (ΔAUC) and the change in the maximum concentration (ΔC max) were both significantly higher after ingestion of rice pudding with 3 g cinnamom (P = 0.0082 and P = 0.0138, respectively, after Bonferroni correction).

Conclusions

Ingestion of 3 g cinnamom reduced postprandial serum insulin and increased GLP-1 concentrations without significantly affecting blood glucose, GIP, the ghrelin concentration, satiety, or GER in healthy subjects. The results indicate a relation between the amount of cinnamom consumed and the decrease in insulin concentration.