Abstract
The stability and the anti-ageing, skin hydrating and anti-erythema effects of a commercialized Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti, 1768, Crocodylidae. oil lotion was determined. The lotion was stored at controlled conditions over six months during which several stability tests were performed. For the clinical efficacy studies lotion was applied on volar forearm skin (female volunteers) and compared to a liquid paraffin-containing reference product. Skin hydrating and anti-ageing effects were determined with a Corneometer®. Cutometer® and Visioscan®. following single (3h) and multiple applications (12 weeks). The Vapometer® and Mexameter® were utilized to determine this lotion’s anti-erythema effects on sodium lauryl sulfate irritated skin. The lotion demonstrated good stability over 6 months. The reference product increased skin hydration and decreased skin wrinkles to a larger extent than the C niloticus lotion after a single application, whereas the C. niloticus lotion decreased skin scaliness better than the reference product. During the long-term study, the reference product overall increased skin hydration more than the C. niloticus lotion, whereas C niloticus lotion increased skin elasticity to a larger extent than the reference product. C niloticus lotion increased skin wrinkles and decreased skin scaliness over 12 weeks. Compared to non-treated, irritated skin. C. niloticus lotion demonstrated some potential anti-inflammatory characteristics.
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Acknowledgments
This study was carried out with the financial support of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa (Grants no.IFRR81178 and CPRR13091742482) and the Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen) at the North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa. Prof Antoon Lötteris also acknowledged for his valuable input during this study. The authors also thank the crocodile and reptile park in South Africa for the generous supply of C. niloticus oil and C. niloticus oil lotion. Special thanks and acknowledgement to Mrs. Marike Cockeran (MSc Statistics), the Subject Specialist from MUSA (Medicine usage inSouth Africa), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus who assisted with the statistical data analysis.
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TV (PhD student) contributed in planning and execution of the laboratory work (stability and in vivo study), analysis of the data and drafting of the paper. LTF contributed to analysis of the data and drafting the paper. MG contributed to planning the project, assisting with data analysis and critical reviewing of the manuscript. JLDP contributed to the stability studies and critical reviewing of the manuscript. SVZ contributed to planning and execution of the in vivo clinical cosmetic efficacy study, analysis of the data and critical reviewing of the manuscript. BB contributed to and supervised the execution of the in vivo clinical cosmetic efficacy study and its data analysis. JDP designed the study and contributed to critical reviewing of the manuscript. All the authors have read the final manuscript and approved the submission.
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Venter, T., Fox, L.T., Gerber, M. et al. Physical stability and clinical efficacy of Crocodylus niloticus oil lotion. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 26, 521–529 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.03.011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.03.011