Abstract
Coptis chinensis Franch., Ranunculaceae, is a widely used herbal medicine in Asian countries. It exhibits many important pharmacological effects. The rhizome is used as the crude drug for this medicinal plant. The objective of this study was to determine whether the aerial part (stem and leaves) can be employed as a complementary material for medicinal purposes. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to a hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis was applied to detect fifteen alkaloids. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that these compounds might interact with important glucose-lipid metabolism–related targets. Appropriate dose of streptozotocin and high-fat diet were used to establish the model of glucose-lipid disorder in Kunming mice. Blood glucose level was determined by handheld blood glucose meter. Peroxidase antiperoxidase kit was used to test the serum total cholesterol and triacylglyceride level. Hematoxylin/eosin staining was performed to analyze the degree of damage in the liver and kidney. Our data demonstrated that aerial part contained a similar chemical composition with the crude drug. Network pharmacology analysis and animal experiments also indicated that extracts from the aerial parts exhibited a good glucose-lipid metabolism regulatory activity.
Graphical abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali A, Hoeflich KP, Woodgett JR (2001) Glycogen synthase kinase-3: properties, functions, and regulation. Chem Rev 101:2527–2540. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr000110o
Bechmann LP, Hannivoort RA, Gerken G, Hotamisligil GS, Trauner M, Canbay A (2012) The interaction of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism in liver diseases. J Hepatol 56:952–964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2011.08.025
Berndt N, Eckstein J, Heucke N, Gajowski R, Stockmann M, Meierhofer D, Holzhütter HG (2019) Characterization of lipid and lipid droplet metabolism in human HCC. Cells 8:512. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8050512
Chen EY, Tan CM, Kou Y, Duan QN, Ma'ayan A (2013) Enrichr: interactive and collaborative HTML5 gene list enrichment analysis tool. BMC Bioinformatics 128:204–215. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-14-128
Cheyssac C (2006) Analysis of common PTPN1 gene variants in type 2 diabetes, obesity and associated phenotypes in the French population. BMC Med Genet 7:44. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-7-44
Cui X, Qian DW, Shu J, Shang EX, Zhu ZH, Duan JA (2018) Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma improve glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM rats via regulation of the metabolic profiling and MAPK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Int J Mol Sci 19:3634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113634
Dong H, Wang N, Zhao L, Lu F (2012) Berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/591654
Furman BL (2015) Streptozotocin-induced diabetic models in mice and rats. Curr Protoc Pharmacol 70:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471141755.ph0547s70
Gong ZW, Tas E, Yakar S, Muzumdar R (2016) Hepatic lipid metabolism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in aging. Mol Cell Endocrinol 455:115–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.022
Hauck AK, Bernlohr DA (2016) Oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. J Lipid Res 57:1976–1986. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.R066597
Imai Y, Cousins RS, Liu SM, Phelps BM, Promes JA (2020) Connecting pancreatic islet lipid metabolism with insulin secretion and the development of type 2 diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1461:53–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14037
Kuleshov MV, Jones MR, Rouillard AD, Fernandez NF, Duan QN, Wang ZC, Koplev S, Jenkins SL, Jagodnik KM, Lachmann A, McDermott MG, Monteiro CD, Gundersen GW, Ma'ayan A (2016) Enrichr: a comprehensive gene set enrichment analysis web server 2016 update. Nucleic Acids Res 44:W90–W97. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw377
Liu D, Zhang YY, Liu YH, Hou LQ, Li SY, Tian HM, Zhao TY (2018) Berberine modulates gut microbiota and reduces insulin resistance via the TLR4 signaling pathway. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 126:513–520. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-125066
Mao Z, Zhang WZ (2018) Role of mTOR in glucose and lipid metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 19:2043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19072043
Meng FC, Wu ZF, Yin ZQ, Lin LG, Wang RB, Zhang QW (2018) Coptidis rhizoma and its main bioactive components: recent advances in chemical investigation, quality evaluation and pharmacological activity. Chin Med 13:13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-018-0171-3
Minokoshi Y, Toda C, Okamoto S (2012) Regulatory role of leptin in glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 16(Suppl 3):S562–S568. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.105573
Qiu X, Wei XY, Guan HW, Su H, Gong J, Fang K, Zou X, Dong H, Xu LJ, Lu FE (2018) Comparative proteomic analysis of two differently extracted Coptis chinensis in the treatment of type 2 diabetic rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018:1–22. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3248521
Tung YT, Chen HL, Wu HS, Ho MH, Chong KY, Chen CM (2018) Kefir peptides prevent hyperlipidemia and obesity in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats via lipid metabolism modulation. Mol Nutr Food Res 62:1700505. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201700505
Wang CY, Bai XY, Wang CH (2014) Traditional Chinese medicine: a treasured natural resource of anticancer drug research and development. Am J Chin Med 42:543–559. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X14500359
Wang J, Wang L, Lou GH, Zeng HR, Hu J, Huang QW, Peng W, Yang XB (2019) Coptidis Rhizoma: a comprehensive review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Pharm Biol 57:193–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2019.1577466
Xiao SW, Liu C, Chen MJ, Zou JF, Duan JN (2020) Scutellariae radix and Coptidis rhizoma ameliorate glycolipid metabolism of type 2 diabetic rats by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104:303–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10174-w
Xu JY, Zhang RQ, Li Y, Pang J, Li XG (2013) Study on spatial and temporal distribution of alkaloids contents in Coptis chinensis wastes. China Pharm 2013:1798–1801
Yanai H, Yoshida H (2019) Beneficial effects of adiponectin on glucose and lipid metabolism and atherosclerotic progression: mechanisms and perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 20:1190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051190
Yao H, Wu ZQ, Xu YM, Lou GH, Jiang Q, Fan WC, Liu WM, Zheng C, Gao YX, Wang Y (2019) Andrographolide attenuates imbalance of gastric vascular homeostasis induced by ethanol through glycolysis pathway. Sci Rep 9:4968. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41417-5
Acknowledgments
All authors are grateful to their affiliation institutions which provided research conditions and access to analytical instrumentations.
Funding
Financial support was supported by the Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province (2020YFS0498) and the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China (2020JCRC015).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
GL: design of the experimental animal model and pharmacology; ZY and HY: plant material extraction; HJ and QG: network pharmacology analysis; CP and HX: mass spectrometry analysis, drafting the manuscript, and constructed the figures and tables; Q.H: critical revision of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
All experiments were performed consistent with animal use followed by Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee. Ethical approval number: 2020-05.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Animal Ethical Approval
All experiments were performed in compliance with international rules on the care and use of laboratory animals. The study was approved by the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee. Ethical protocol number: 2020-05.
Supplementary Information
ESM 1
(PDF 898 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lou, G., Xiong, H., Gan, Q. et al. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS Analysis of Coptis chinensis Aerial Parts and Its Regulatory Activity on Glucose-lipid Metabolism. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 31, 24–31 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-020-00124-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-020-00124-3