1 Retraction Note to: Carbon Letters (2021) 31:107–115 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00155-9

The Editor-in-chief has retracted this article. After publication, concerns were raised about repeated features in the backgrounds of images in Fig. 1. The authors have provided the original images, which confirmed that the images in the published Figure had been altered. The Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the integrity of the data in this article.

F. Abbasi does not agree to this retraction. S. Agbolaghi has not explicitly stated whether they agree to this retraction. Afsaneh Hadi and Mohammad Hossein Hekmatshoar have not responded to any correspondence from the publisher about this retraction.