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Aedes mosquito responses to control interventions against the Chikungunya outbreak of Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia

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Abstract

Arboviral infections are re-emerging diseases of public health concern circulating among wild animals and human populations due to shortage of strong entomological data in addition to increasing urbanization, transportation and mosquito adaptation to complex environment in Ethiopia. This study assessed the response of Aedes mosquito to interventions (environmental management and Chemical (Temephos and Propoxure) spray) made to control the Chikungunya outbreak in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. A before and after intervention entomological study design was used to address all villages, with simple random sampling technique. To determine the vector density, entomological indices (House index, Container index, Bretaeu index and Pupae index) were calculated. A total of 1297 containers were inspected in 800 households for the presence of Aedes immature and adult. Out of 1297 containers inspected, 1128 (87%) were found be Aedes larvae/pupae positive. A total 1289 mosquitoes were collected, 1264 (98%) were Aedes and the rest 25 (2%) were Culex mosquitoes. The house index, container index, bretaue index and pupae index before and after control intervention was (90.125%, 7.4%), (92.87%, 14.75%), (141.75%, 20.5%) and (1431.5, 4%) respectively. The infestation indices of Aedes mosquitoes drastically reduced after control interventions which imply that deploying integrated vector control intervention, like environmental management, insecticidal applications are effective in Aedes mosquito control during outbreaks of arboviral diseases. Permanent and comprehensive sentinel sites should be established fort continuous surveillance of vector status and diseases to halt cyclic transmission.

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Data availability

Datasets generated or analyzed during this study are available from the corresponding Author up on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank all colleagues at Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, all Dire Dawa vector control team, Health centers and facilities staffs, Dire Dawa city administration and Medicine San Frontier (MSF), Spain for their administrative, technical support and help in site guidance during data collection.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Abate Waldetensai, Fekadu Gemechu, Esayas Kinfe, Hiwot Amare, Alemnesh Hailemariam, Wondatir Nigatu, Alemayehu Tadesse & Beyene Moges

  2. Diredawa Health Bureau, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

    Daniel Teshome, Dejene Keneni, Meaza Telaye & Najib Esmael

  3. World Health Organization country office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Samuel Hagos & Zawdie Dinku

  4. College of Natural Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

    Fekadu Massebo

  5. Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania

    Eliningaya J. Kweka

  6. Mosquito Section, Division of Livestock, Human Health Disease Vector Control, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, P.O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania

    Eliningaya J. Kweka

Authors
  1. Abate Waldetensai
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  2. Fekadu Gemechu
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  6. Daniel Teshome
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  7. Alemnesh Hailemariam
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  8. Wondatir Nigatu
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  9. Alemayehu Tadesse
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  10. Dejene Keneni
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  12. Meaza Telaye
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  13. Najib Esmael
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  14. Eliningaya J. Kweka
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  15. Beyene Moges
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  16. Fekadu Massebo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abate Waldetensai.

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Competing interest

The authors declare there is no competing interest and the funder had no role in the design of the study (collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript and decision to publish the results).

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Waldetensai, A., Gemechu, F., Kinfe, E. et al. Aedes mosquito responses to control interventions against the Chikungunya outbreak of Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Int J Trop Insect Sci 41, 2511–2520 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-021-00430-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-021-00430-w

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