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Cost-efficient Thermal Management for a 48V Li-ion Battery in a Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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Abstract

The 48V mild hybrid system is a cost-efficient solution for original equipment manufacturers to meet increasingly stringent fuel consumption requirements. However, hybrid functions such as auto-stop/start and brake regeneration are unavailable when a 48V battery is at very low temperature because of its limited charge and discharge capability. Therefore, it is important to develop cost-efficient thermal management to warm-up the battery of a 48V mild hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) to recover hybrid functions quickly in cold climate. Following the model-based “V” process, we first define the requirements and then design different mechanisms to heat a 48V battery. Afterward, we build a 48V battery model in LMS AMESim and conduct co-simulation with simplified battery management system and hybrid control unit algorithms in MATLAB Simulink for analysis. Finally, we carry out a series of vehicle experiments at low temperature and observe the effect of heating to validate the design. Both simulation results and experimental data show that a cold 48V battery placed in a cabin with hot air can be heated effectively in the developed “Enhanced Generator Mode with 48V Battery” mode. The entire design is in a newly developed software that cyclically charges and discharges a 48V battery for quick warm-up in cold temperature without needing any additional hardware such as a heater, making it a cost-efficient solution for HEVs.

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Acknowledgements

We thank our colleagues at the Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co. for support in building and co-simulating the models and providing test data, and our colleagues at Ricardo UK Co. for giving helpful advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co. Ltd, Jufeng Road No. 2199, Shanghai, China

    Chao Yu, Chao Zhang, Mingshen Xu & Jianxiang Lu

  2. Ricardo UK Ltd, Shoreham-by-Sea, UK

    Guangji Ji, John Abbott & Pieter Ramaekers

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  1. Chao Yu
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  2. Guangji Ji
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  3. Chao Zhang
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  4. John Abbott
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  5. Mingshen Xu
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  6. Pieter Ramaekers
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  7. Jianxiang Lu
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Correspondence to Chao Yu.

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Yu, C., Ji, G., Zhang, C. et al. Cost-efficient Thermal Management for a 48V Li-ion Battery in a Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Automot. Innov. 1, 320–330 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-018-0043-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-018-0043-7

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