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Fieberhafter Harnwegsinfekt mit Harntraktdilatation

Febrile urinary tract infection with diltation of the urinary tract

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Journal für Urologie und Urogynäkologie/Österreich Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Ein fieberhafter Harnwegsinfekt kann zu einer Urosepsis führen und daher ist eine rasche Diagnostik und Behandlung notwendig. Besonders wichtig sind eine ausführliche Anamnese und Diagnostik, bei der initialen Bildgebung reicht in der Regel eine Sonographie. Diese kann sehr zuverlässig eine Harntransportstörung (Harnstau, Blasenentleerungsstörung) diagnostizieren. Weitere bildgebende diagnostische Maßnahmen sind hilfreich, um die Diagnose weiter zu sichern. Vor Einleitung einer antibiotischen Therapie ist eine korrekte Uringewinnung für eine Urinkultur enorm wichtig. Nach der Abnahme von Urin sollte sofort mit einer Antibiose begonnen werden, deren Auswahl hängt vom Keimspektrum ab, aber eine Breitbandantibiose, z. B. Zephalosporine der 3. Generation und Aminoglykoside oder Piperacillin/Tazobactam, ist gut geeignet. Eine einfache Regel ist: „Hit early and hit hard!“ Es gibt mehrere Optionen für die chirurgische Intervention und Entlastung des Harntrakts bei Obstruktion. Diese sollten je nach initialer Pathologie und dem Allgemeinzustand des Kindes eingesetzt werden. Durch die zeitnahe Diagnostik, Therapie und v. a. multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit können akute bzw. chronische Nierenschäden verhindert werden.

Abstract

Febrile urinary tract infection can lead to urosepsis and hence a rapid diagnosis and treatment is necessary. Particularly important are a detailed history and the diagnostic workup, whereby ultrasonography is usually sufficient as the initial imaging modality. It can very reliably diagnose urinary transport disorders (urinary retention, impaired bladder emptying). Further diagnostic imaging is helpful to confirm the diagnosis. Before initiating antibiotic treatment, it is important to collect a urine sample in the correct manner for a urine culture. Antibiotics should be started immediately after obtaining the urine sample; the selection of which depends on the bacterial spectrum, but a broad-spectrum antibiotic, e.g., third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides or piperacillin/tazobactam, is well suited. A simple rule is: “Hit early and hit hard!” There are several options for surgical intervention to relieve the urinary tract obstruction. These should be used depending on the initial pathology and the general condition of the child. Timely diagnosis, treatment, and especially interdisciplinary cooperation can prevent acute or chronic kidney damage.

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Correspondence to Abhishek Pandey.

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A. Pandey, K. Bodenschatz, C. Hüttenbrink und S. Pahernik geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Pandey, A., Bodenschatz, K., Hüttenbrink, C. et al. Fieberhafter Harnwegsinfekt mit Harntraktdilatation. J. Urol. Urogynäkol. 25, 174–178 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41972-018-0054-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41972-018-0054-y

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