Experiment and simulation method to investigate the flow within porous ceramic membrane
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Abstract
It is efficient to recover water and latent heat from flue gas by using a porous ceramic membrane. In this paper, an experimental and numerical simulation is used for studying the heat transfer and flow of fluid in the ceramic tube in a porous membrane. The experimental data shows that the inlet velocity of feed gas and porosity of membrane enhance the heat and mass transfer performance of membranes when the range of which is 0.65–2.87 m/s and 60–78% respectively. Based on the minimum entransy dissipation, the Lagrange multiplier method is used to deduce the optimal momentum equation, which is interpreted by user definition functions (UDF) of FLUENT 15.0. A numerical study is carried out by varying Reynolds number, thickness of condensate, and values of momentum loss in this paper. The results show that the mass flux of water recovery is 0.25 kg/m2.h when Re was in range of 2.17 × 102~1.13 × 103, thickness of condensation film (δ con ) is close to 0.02 mm, and membrane porosity (ф) is close to 70%.
Keywords
Ceramic membrane Water recovery Minimum entransy dissipation Numerical simulation and experimentNomenclature
Notations
- k
permeability (kg/m2.s)
- h
convective heat transfer coefficient (W/m2.K)
- p
pressure (Pa)
- T
temperature (k)
- v
volume (m3)
- V
specific volume (m3/kg)
- R
specific gas constant
- r
radius (m)
- q
heat flux (kJ/m2.s)
- A
area (m2)
- U
velocity (m/s)
- Cp
specific isobaric heat capacity (kJ/kg.K)
- l
length
- M
mass flux (kg/m2.s)
- a
Lagrange multiplier
- b
Lagrange multiplier
- C0
Lagrange constant
- S
source term
- Wp
momentum loss
- W
original mass content (g)
- t
time steps (s)
- eh
entransy dissipation (W)
- x
local x-coordinate
Greek letters
- σ
surface tension (N/m)
- λ
thermal conductivity (W/mk)
- μ
dynamic viscosity (Pas)
- ρ
density (kg/m3)
- ε
thermal efficiency near wall
- δ
thickness of fluid film (mm)
- τ
thickness of the membrane (m)
- υ
kinetic viscosity (m2/s)
- ф
porosity of membrane
Subscripts
- e
energy
- mass
mass
- vap
water vapor
- sat
saturated state of flow
- pore
the pores with the membrane
- rec
water recovery
- per
water permeability
- k
critical state
- wall
membrane wall
- in
inlet of feed gas
- v
velocity boundary layer
- th
thermal boundary layer
- con
condensate
- b
bulk feed gas flow
Notes
Compliance with ethical standards
This article does not contain any studies performed by any of the authors. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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