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New insights on Hispanomys moralesi (Rodentia, Mammalia) and its use as biostratigraphical indicator

Nuevos hallazgos sobre Hispanomys moralesi (Rodentia, Mammalia) y su uso como indicador bioestratigráfico

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Abstract

Here, we describe new specimens of the cricetid Hispanomys moralesi López-Antoñanzas et al. 2010, found in Batallones 4 site, which belongs to Cerro de los Batallones assemblage (Upper Vallesian, Upper Miocene). Previously, metrical and morphological data of H. moralesi have been used to proof whether the different sites within the butte were filled simultaneously or there was a time span among them (López-Antoñanzas et al. in Zool J Linnean Soc 160(4):725–747, 2010). 129 isolated molars, nine lower jaws, ten maxilla fragments and four skull remains from Batallones 4 were identified as H. moralesi and were included in the study. Length and width data were also taken on the dental pieces. This information has been used to perform a biometrical and morphological study, in order to compare the specimens of Batallones 4 with the rest of sites within the butte and with other Hispanomys species. The evolutionary stage of the fossils from Batallones 4 indicates that they are slightly more modern than the specimens from Batallones 10, and also have more primitive features than the ones from Batallones 1, 3 and 5. This information support the hypothesis by López-Antoñanzas et al. (2010): the cavities were not filled synchronously, but one after the other, beginning with southerner side of the butte (Batallones 10) and progressing towards north, being Batallones3 the last one to fill and, consequently, the youngest locality. The results remark the potential use of H. moralesi as a tool which can be used as a biochronological indicator that help us to relatively date a set of fossil sites.

Resúmen

En este trabajo describimos nuevos especímenes del cricétido Hispanomys moralesi López-Antoñanzas et al. 2010, encontrados en el yacimiento de Batallones 4, perteneciente a su vez al conjunto de yacimientos del Cerro de los Batallones (Vallesiense superior, Mioceno superior). Datos morfológicos y métricos de H. moralesi habían sido utilizados previamente para probar si los distintos yacimientos dentro del cerro fueron rellenados simultáneamente o si hubo un intervalo de tiempo entre dichos rellenos (López-Antoñanzas et al. in Zool J Linnean Soc 160(4):725–747, 2010). 129 molares aislados, nueve mandíbulas inferiores, diez fragmentos de maxila y cuatro restos craneales procedentes de Batallones 4 fueron identificados como adscritos a la especie H. moralesi y fueron incluidos en el estudio. Se tomaron datos de longitud y anchura sobre las piezas dentales, información que fue utilizada posteriormente para llevar a cabo un estudio biométrico y morfológico en el que se compararon estos especímenes con los encontrados en otros yacimientos del cerro y con otras especies de Hispanomys. El estadío evolutivo de los fósiles de Batallones 4 indica que estos son ligeramente más modernos que los especímenes de Batallones 10 y que también presentan características más primitivas que los individuos encontrados en Batallones 1, 3 y 5. Esta información apoya la hipótesis de López-Antoñanzas et al. (2010): las cavidades del cerro no se rellenaron al mismo tiempo sino que siguieron un orden en el relleno, empezando en el extremo más meridional del cerro (Batallones 10) y progresando hacia el norte, siendo Batallones 3 la última de las cavidades en rellenarse y, por tanto, la ubicación más reciente dentro del conjunto. Estos resultados remarcan el uso potencial de Hispanomys moralesi como una herramienta que puede ser utilizada como indicador biocronológico que ayude a datar relativamente conjuntos de yacimientos fósiles.

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Acknowledgements

This work is included on the research framework of the Investigation Group UCM-910607 and as part of research project CGL2015-68333-P (MNCN, CSIC). Therefore, our thanks go in first place to the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales of Madrid and those responsible for preparing the specimens and maintaining the Paleobiology department collections. We want to express our gratitude also to the SEM microscope and CT-SCAN technicians from the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales of Madrid for the swiftness and professionalism of the conducted work.

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Correspondence to Víctor Medina-Chavarrías.

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Medina-Chavarrías, V., Oliver, A., López-Guerrero, P. et al. New insights on Hispanomys moralesi (Rodentia, Mammalia) and its use as biostratigraphical indicator. J Iber Geol 45, 641–654 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-019-00114-y

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