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The Late Ordovician–Silurian succession in the Marimanha Massif (central Pyrenees, Spain) and comments on the first the occurrence of the conodont Kockelella walliseri in North Gondwana

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Abstract

Purpose

The study of the Upper Ordovician to Silurian stratigraphic succession in the metamorphic rocks of the Marimanha Massif (central Pyrenees) includes a regional pre-Upper Ordovician unconformity, a locally described pre-Hirnantian unconformity and a pre-Wenlock, Silurian hiatus. Silurian metamorphic carbonates correspond to a condensed succession that comprises pelmatozoan and cephalopod-bearing marbles, with reduced siliciclastic input. The occurrence of Silurian condensed carbonate succession is unusual in the deep-water anoxic shale sedimentation with mainly pelagic faunas observed in the northern margin of the central part of Gondwana.

Methods

The present study includes 6 stratigraphic sections and 8 samples with poorly preserved Silurian conodont among 30 collected samples.

Results

Marbles yield Sheinwoodian (Wenlock) conodonts such as Kockelella cf. corpulenta, K. ortus, K. ranuliformis and K. walliseri, and the Ludlow K. cf. variabilis. The occurrence of K. walliseri is the first record in the southern Europe and North Africa. This species was described from shallow-water facies in low latitudes of Laurentia, Baltica and eastern Gondwana.

Conclusions

The Upper Ordovician to Silurian sedimentary gaps in the studied succession are relate to the Late Ordovician rifting and the Hirnantian glaciation described in north Gondwana. Wenlock carbonate sedimentation occurred in a local shallow-water topographic palaeo-high. Conodont content suggest relatively shallow and warm water environment and a moderate to low latitude location in relation to the Silurian northward drift of areas derived from the Gondwanan margin as the Pyrenees.

Resumen

Objetivo

El estudio de la sucesión estratigráfica del Ordovícico Superior al Silúrico en las rocas metamórficas del Macizo del Marimanha (Pirineos centrales) incluye una discordancia regional pre-Ordovícico Superior, una discordancia pre-Hirnantiense y un hiato Silúrico pre-Wenlock. La sucesión silúrica condensada está formada por mármoles con abundantes pelmatozoos y otros con cefálopodos. La presencia de sucesiones carbonatadas silúricas es inusual en el margen norte de Gondwana, donde la sedimentación está caracterizada por lutitas depositadas en fondos anóxicos y con faunas de de aguas profundas.

Métodos

Se han realizado 6 secciones estratigráficas y recogido 30 muestras para conodontos que han propocionado especímenes silúricos en 8 de ellas.

Resultados

Los conodontos extraídos corresponden a especies del Sheinwoodiense (Wenlock) como Kockelella cf. corpulenta, K. ortus, K. ranuliformis and K. walliseri, y del Ludlow como K. cf. variabilis. El hallazgo de K. walliseri es el primero en Europa meridional y el Norte de Africa. Esta especie sólo se había descrito en facies de aguas someras y en latitudes bajas de Laurentia, Baltica y Gondwana oriental.

Conclusiones

Los hiatos reconocidos en la sucesión estudiada son relacionados con las cuencas extensionales formadas en el norte de Gondwana entre el el Ordovícico Superior–Silúrico y la glaciación del Hirnantiense. La sedimentación carbonatada del Wenlock tuvo lugar sobre una paleotopografía elevada. Los conodontos estudiados sugieren un medio de aguas cálidas y en plataformas de paleolatitudes bajas a moderadas que se relaciona con el desplazamiento hacia el norte de areas derivadas del margen de Gondwana, como los Pirineos.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Carlo Corradini and the anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that helped to improve the quality of this paper. We would like to thank Christine Laurin for her language revision of the text manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, c/Jesús Arias de Velasco s/n, 33005, Oviedo, Spain

    Javier Sanz-López & Silvia Blanco-Ferrera

  2. Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya, Parc de Montjuic, s/n, 08038, Barcelona, Spain

    Joan Palau

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  1. Javier Sanz-López
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  2. Joan Palau
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  3. Silvia Blanco-Ferrera
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Correspondence to Javier Sanz-López.

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Sanz-López, J., Palau, J. & Blanco-Ferrera, S. The Late Ordovician–Silurian succession in the Marimanha Massif (central Pyrenees, Spain) and comments on the first the occurrence of the conodont Kockelella walliseri in North Gondwana. J Iber Geol 44, 641–654 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-018-0059-1

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