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Paleoecological quantitative analysis based on benthic foraminifera of the Aalenian–Bajocian boundary (upper Bradfordensis–lower Discites) in the Barranco de Agua Larga section (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain)

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Abstract

Purpose

To report, for the first time, the benthic foraminiferal assemblages recorded across the upper Bradfordensis–lower Discites ammonite zones (Aalenian–Bajocian boundary, Middle Jurassic) in the Barranco de Agua Larga section (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain),in order to infer the paleecological conditions that affected their development.

Methods

A total of 17 samples were collected in this reference section, and the composition of the foraminiferal assemblages recorded throughout the studied stratigraphical was analyzed using quantitative data obtained through the estimation of relative abundances and the calculation of several diversity indexes.

Results

The assemblages are abundant (a total of 3, 139 well-preserved specimens) and diverse(82 species). Their composition displays close similarities to those already described for the Jurassic carbonate platforms of the Boreal Realm (Type-A), Boreal Atlantic subdivision.

Conclusions

The studied assemblages were developed in distal marine environmental conditions, at a depth situated above the level of the calcite compensation, well oxygenated and with normal salinity, although for certain times (Aalenian–Bajocian boundary) unfavorable environmental conditions could have developed. The sharp decrease in the abundance and diversity that was recorded during the Aalenian–Bajocian transition has also been recognized in other coeval basins of the Iberian Plate paleomargin, thus representing a bioevent of regional rank.

Resumen

Objetivo

Describir, por primera vez, las asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos registradas en materiales del intervalo comprendido entre la parte superior de la Zona Bradfordensis y la Zona Discites (límite Aaleniense–Bajociense, Jurásico Medio) en la sección de Barranco de Agua Larga (Cordillera Bética, sur de España), con el fin de inferir las condiciones paleoecológicas que condicionaron su desarrollo.

Metodología

Se analizó la composición de las asociaciones de foraminíferos registrados en 17 muestras recogidas en esta sección de referencia a lo largo del intervalo estratigráfico estudiado utilizando datos cuantitativos obtenidos a través de la estimación de abundancias relativas y del cálculo de varios índices de diversidad.

Resultados

Las asociaciones son abundantes (se han obtenido un total de 3139 ejemplares bien conservados) y diversas (82 especies). Su composición muestra similitudes con asociaciones ya descritas en las plataformas carbonatadas jurásicas del Dominio Boreal (tipo A), Subdivisión Boreal Atlántica.

Conclusiones

Las asociaciones estudiadas se desarrollaron en condiciones ambientales marinas distales, a una profundidad situada por encima del nivel de compensación de la calcita, bien oxigenada y con salinidad normal, aunque en ciertos momentos pudieran haberse desarrollado condiciones ambientales desfavorables. Así, en el tránsito Aaleniense-Bajociense se registra una notable disminución en la abundancia y en la diversidad de las asociaciones registradas. Este evento, previamente reconocido en otras cuencas mesozoicas de la Placa Ibérica, tendría carácter regional.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional - FEDER funds through the Competitiveness Factors Operational Programme - COMPETE and Portuguese funds by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - FCT in the frame of the UID/Multi00073/2013 project, and is a contribution for the Projects CGL2011-25894 (DGI, Spain), CGL2015-66604-R and CGL2014-52546-P (MINECO) and for the Grupo de Investigación UCM 910431 (Complutense University, Madrid, Spain). The authors are grateful to the Centro Nacional de Microscopía Electrónica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, for the SEM photographs. They also acknowledge suggestions and comments provided by Dr. Lourdes Omaña and by an anonymous reviewer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences and Geosciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra (Polo II), Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal

    S. C. Silva & M. H. Henriques

  2. Department of Paleontology, Faculty of Geological Sciences, University Complutense of Madrid, c/José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    M. L. Canales

  3. Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology, University of Granada, av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18002, Granada, Spain

    J. Sandoval

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  1. S. C. Silva
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  2. M. L. Canales
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  3. J. Sandoval
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  4. M. H. Henriques
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Correspondence to S. C. Silva.

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Silva, S.C., Canales, M.L., Sandoval, J. et al. Paleoecological quantitative analysis based on benthic foraminifera of the Aalenian–Bajocian boundary (upper Bradfordensis–lower Discites) in the Barranco de Agua Larga section (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain). J Iber Geol 43, 75–96 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-017-0005-7

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