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Copper(I) Complexes for Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: From Photophysical to Device Properties

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Abstract

Molecules that exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) represent a very promising emitter class for application in electroluminescent devices since all electrically generated excitons can be transferred into light according to the singlet harvesting mechanism. Cu(I) compounds are an important class of TADF emitters. In this contribution, we want to give a deeper insight into the photophysical properties of this material class and demonstrate how the emission properties depend on molecular and host rigidity. Moreover, we show that with molecular optimization a significant improvement of selected emission properties can be achieved. From the discussed materials, we select one specific dinuclear complex, for which the two Cu(I) centers are four-fold bridged to fabricate an organic light emitting diode (OLED). This device shows the highest efficiency (of 23 % external quantum efficiency) reported so far for OLEDs based on Cu(I) emitters.

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Notes

  1. ‘Small molecule' is a widely-used, yet ambiguous term. It is most often used to distinguish isolated molecules with a molecular weight of less than 1,000 Da from polymers.

  2. Bipyridine (bpy) was used instead of dmbpy. However, the absorption spectrum of the methylated ligand is not expected to deviate significantly from that of bpy.

  3. It is remarked that an estimation of ΔE (S1 − T1) from the spectra is only possible if both states, S1 and T1, result from transitions between the same molecular orbitals. For the investigated compounds, this condition is fulfilled.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) for funding in the scope of the cyCESH project (FKN 13N12668). The authors (T.B., D.V., D.M.Z.) gratefully acknowledge the collaboration with the groups of Prof. Franky So (NCSU), Prof. Christopher Barner-Kowollik (KIT), Prof Clemens Heske (KIT, UNLV), Prof. Uli Lemmer (KIT), and Prof. Stefan Bräse (KIT), as well as the scientific division of CYNORA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Markus J. Leitl, Alexander Schinabeck & Hartmut Yersin

  2. Cynora GmbH, Werner-von-Siemensstraße 2-6, Building 5110, 76646, Bruchsal, Germany

    Daniel M. Zink, Thomas Baumann & Daniel Volz

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  1. Markus J. Leitl
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  2. Daniel M. Zink
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  3. Alexander Schinabeck
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  5. Daniel Volz
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Correspondence to Daniel Volz or Hartmut Yersin.

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This article is part of the topical collection “Photoluminescent Materials and Electroluminescent Devices.

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Leitl, M.J., Zink, D.M., Schinabeck, A. et al. Copper(I) Complexes for Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: From Photophysical to Device Properties. Top Curr Chem (Z) 374, 25 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-016-0019-1

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