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Computational Investigation of Porous Media Combustion Technology in Spark Ignition Engine

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Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present work, computational fluid dynamics approach is adopted to study the possibility of using porous media in combustion and emission in a single-cylinder four-stroke spark ignition engine. The combustion behavior inside the engine without and with application of porous media is studied. The analysis with application of PM signifies enhanced combustion behavior. The compression ratio is kept at 7. Two different types of fluid computational domains are considered, namely, without and with PM. The three-dimensional modeling, meshing and simulations of the combustion chambers are performed with the ANSYS 17.1-FLUENT software. The k–ε turbulence model, the premixed combustion model and the spark ignition model are used in the study. The parameters to be analyzed are the variation of cylinder pressure, temperature and turbulence at different crank angles. The results of the computational work without PM are validated with the experimental work, which is executed on the research engine setup operated in SI mode. The work is performed at different engine loads by varying the engine torque, viz. 6 Nm (25%), 12 Nm (50%), 18 Nm (75%) and 24 Nm (100%) along with the no-load condition. The analyses of the results indicate that the peak value of total pressure (1,986,868.99 Pa) and average value of total temperature (632.63 K) with PM at 100% load are lower than without PM (1,992,314.50 Pa and 604.81 K). The concentrations of NOX emissions are significantly reduced by the use of PM for all the loads. The percentage reductions in NOX emissions at no load, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, are found to be 2.5%, 11.1%, 9.4%, 9% and 2.12%, respectively.

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Notes

  1. Instruction Manual, Computer Based Four Stroke Single Cylinder Variable Compression Ratio Multifuel Engine with Eddy Current Dynamometer, Tech-Ed Equipment Company, Bengaluru, 560072, Karnataka, India

Abbreviations

b :

Inertial resistance (m−1)

B :

Bore (mm)

c p :

Specific heat (J/kg)

D :

Diameter (mm)

h :

Clearance height (mm)

H :

Height of the computational domain (mm)

ƩH :

Heat of combustion (J/kg)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

K :

Permeability (m2)

l 1/2 :

Characteristics length of the effective pore diameter (mm)

L :

Height of the PM (mm)

P :

Cylinder pressure (Pa)

r c :

Compression ratio

Q :

Heat release in a process (J/°)

s :

Laminar flame speed (cm/s)

S :

Sphericity of the pores

T :

Adiabatic temperature (K)

V :

Cylinder volume (m3)

α, β :

Burned gas diluents fraction

\(\gamma\) :

Specific heat capacity ratio

δ :

Laminar flame thickness (mm)

η :

Thermal efficiency

θ :

Crank angle (°)

µ :

Dynamic fluid viscosity (N s/m2)

ρ :

Fluid density (kg/m3)

Ф :

Mean equivalence ratio

\(\nu\) :

Kinematic viscosity (m2/s)

ϕ :

Porosity

p :

Pore

m :

Mean

u :

Unburnt

s, g :

Solid and fluid phase

ATDC:

After top dead center (°)

BTDC:

Before top dead center (°)

BDC:

Bottom dead center

C:

Computational

CAD:

Crank angle degree (°)

CI:

Compression ignition

E:

Experimental

HRR:

Heat release rate (J/°)

ICE:

Internal combustion engine

PM:

Porous media

PPI:

Pore per inch

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to extend their sincere thanks to Santosh Kumar, Senior Works Manager of TECH-ED Equipment Company, Bangalore, for his support and required guidance in performing the experimental works. Further, sincere gratitude also goes to Nur Alom, Trainee Teacher of Mechanical Engineering, for his assistance in learning ANSYS 17.1-FLUENT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ME Department, NIT Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793003, India

    Debojit Sharma & Biplab Kumar Debnath

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  1. Debojit Sharma
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Correspondence to Biplab Kumar Debnath.

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Sharma, D., Debnath, B.K. Computational Investigation of Porous Media Combustion Technology in Spark Ignition Engine. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng 44, 783–797 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-019-00285-0

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