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Prāmāṇyavāda in the Text Tātparyaṭīkā and Pariśuddhi

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Abstract

In the thirteenth century, Gaṅgeśapādhyāya of Mithilā wrote his magnum opus Tattvacintāmaṇi which marked the inception of the Navya- Nyāya School. It was from this time that the works of the Nyāya beginning with the Nyāyasūtra of Gautama, and ending with Jayanta Bhaṭṭa’s Nyāyamanjarī as well as Udayana’s Nyāya-Vārttika-Tātparyaṭīkāpariśuddhi came to be designated as Prācīna-nyāya. We have elaborated the arguments of Vācaspati Miśra and Udayana in order to support and prove the extrinsic nature of pramāṇa. In this paper, we have also shown that they have added extra strength to the views of the former Māsters—their predecessors by declaring that the inference (which is advanced by Bhāṣyakāra) is purged of fallacies of all sorts in the field of the validity of pramāṇa.

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Notes

  1. “Sarve pratyayāḥ ayathārthāḥ pratyatāvat svapnopratyavat”—‘Sarvadarśanasaṁgraha’ of Mādhavācharya, Sanskrit Series, Poona, 1906, p. 13.

  2. “Tadevaṁ dṛstārthāḥ prāṇabhṛtāṁ vyavahārā bhavantu sandhehādapi yathā tathā, adṛstārthāstu bahuvittavyāyāyāsasādhyā vaidikā vyavahārā dattajalāṅjalayaḥ prasaktāḥ”. ‘Nyāyavārttikatātparyaṭīkā’ (Vācaspati Miśra), Edited By Anantalāl Thākur, ICPR, Delhi, 1996, p. 4.

  3. Udayanācārya, “Nyāyavārttikatātparyatīkāpariśuddhi”, Edited By Pandit S. S. Śuklā & V. P. Dvivedin, Asiatic Society, 1911, p. 53.

  4. ‘Tasmāt pramāṇādipadārthatattvajñāpanadvāreṇa na śāstraṁ niḥśreayasena saṁbadhyata iti. Seyamāsaṅkā prāmāṇyajñānopāyakathanenādivākyena bhāṣyakṛtā nirākṛtā’. ‘Nyāyavārttikatātparyaṭīkā’ (Vācaspati Miśra), Edited by Anantalāl Thākur, ICPR, Delhi, 1996, p. 4.

  5. “Prātyakṣike ca vanhivijñāne prātyakṣikameba vanhivijñānamiti yāvat. Tatcca dvividhaṁ samānendriyajamindriyāntarajaṁ ca”. ‘Tātparyapariśuddhi’, loc. cit. p. 51.

  6. “Eba manumāṁneneopyanumāna jñānāntaraṁ tatlliṅgajaṁ liṅgāntarajaṁ vā. Evṁ……………samānajātiya saṁvādo darśitaḥ”. Tātaparyapariśuddhi. ibid, p. 51–52.

  7. “Dṛiṣtarthāḥ prāṇabhṛtāṁ vyavahārā bhavantu sandehādapi yathā tathā, adṛṣtārthāstu…..bhāṣyakṛtā nirakṛtā”. ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, loc. cit. p. 4.

  8. “Pramāṇa arthavat iti nityayoge matup” ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, ibid. p. 4.

  9. “Prāchīn Nyāya o Mīmāṁsā sammata prāmāṇyavāda”—Dr. J. Bāgchi. Sanskrit Pustak Bhander, Kolkata, 1974, p. 38.

  10. Tātparyaṭīkā, loc. cit., p. 4.

  11. “Tenārthāvyabhicārītyarthaḥ” Tātparyatīkā, ibid. p. 4.

  12. “Sāmarthyaṁ punrasyāḥ falenābhisambandhaḥ”, ‘Nyāyabhāṣya’ (Vātsyāyana), edited by Anantalāl Thākur, ICPR, Delhi, 1996, p. 1.

  13. “Nanvavyabhicāroapi vyāpya-vyapakabhābalakṣṇaḥ pramāṇaprameyayrnāsti tat āha”. ‘Tātparyapariśuddhi’, edited by Anantalāl Thākur, ICPR, Delhi, 1996, p. 53.

  14. “Eyameva cāsyāyvyabhicāritā pramāṇasya yaddeśakālanarāvasthāntarāvisaṁvādoarthasvarūpa prakārayastadupadarśitayoḥ” ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, loc. cit., p. 3.

  15. Dinakarī on Nyāyasidhāntamuktāvalī. Pt. Harirām Śuklā Śāstrī (Edited), Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series, Varanasi, 1972, p. 136.

  16. ‘Anumānasya tu………nirastasamastavyabhicāraśaṅkasya svataeva prāmāṇyamanumeyāvyabhicāriliṅgasamutyatvāt’. ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, edited by Anantalāl Thākur, ICPR. 1996, pp. 10–11

  17. ‘Anumitijñānaṁ hyarthasya tathātvaṁ vyavacchindadevotpadyate’ ‘Tātparyapariśuddhi’. Asiatic Society, Kolkata, edited by Pt. S. S. Sukla, 1911, p. 113.

  18. “Atyantāyogavyavaccheda iti” ibid. p. 120.

  19. ‘Yadviṣayyakatvena jñānasyanumitivirodhitvam’. ‘Bhāṣāparicched with Muktāvalītīkā’ on karikā no. 133, Pancanan Bhattachrya (edited), Sanskrit Pustak Bhander, Kolkata, 1377.

  20. As Vācaspati says ‘gṛhitāvybhicāralingasamutthaṁ niṣkampamupapadyate jñānam’. ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, loc. cit., p. 11.

  21. J. N. Mohanty, ‘Gaṅgeśa’s Theory of Truth’, Introduction, Visva-Bharatin, 1966, p. iv.

  22. ‘Na ca phalajñānaṁ parikṣyate prekṣāvadbhiḥ’ ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, loc. cit. p. 10.

  23. ‘Vayaṁ tu brūmaḥ phalajñānamapybhyāsadaśāpannatayā tajjātīyatvena liṅganāvadhṛtāvyabhicārameva’ ‘Tātparyaṭīkā’, ibid. p. 10.

  24. Tātparyapariśuddhi, loc. cit., p. 102.

  25. Tātparyapariśuddhi, ibid. p. 105–106.

  26. Tattvacintāmani, Pratyakṣakhanda (Gaṅgeśa) Prāmāṇyavāda, para. 50, edited by J. Mohanty, Visva-Bharati, 1966.

  27. Pariśuddhi, loc. cit, p. 117.

  28. ‘Aprāmānyaśankā nastiti eva svataḥ prāmāṇyagrahārthaḥ’. ‘Nyāyavārttiktātparyatīkā’ with Nyāya-Nivandha-Prakāśa, edited by Vindhesvari Prasad Dvivedin, Asiatic Society, 1911.

  29. Nyāyamanjarī (Jayantabhaṭṭa) Kasi Sanskrit series, Haridas Sanskrit Granthamala, No. 106, edited by Pt. S. N. Sukla. Vidya vilas Press. Venaras, 1936, p. 156–157.

  30. “Encyclopedia Of Indian Philosophy”, Potter, Karl H (Edited), Motilal Banarasidass Publishers Private Limited. Delhi. 1911, p. 521.

  31. Bāgchi Jogendranath,‘Prāchīn Nyāya o Mīmāṁsā sammata prāmāṇyavāda’, Sanskrit Pustak Bhander, Kolkata, 1974, p. 78.

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  1. Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, India

    Dinanath Ghatak

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Ghatak, D. Prāmāṇyavāda in the Text Tātparyaṭīkā and Pariśuddhi. J. Indian Counc. Philos. Res. 35, 401–412 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40961-018-0143-0

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