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Exploring Differential Trial-Type Effects and the Impact of a Read-Aloud Procedure on Deictic Relational Responding on the IRAP

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Abstract

Under the rubric of Relational Frame Theory (RFT), researchers have investigated the role of deictic relational responding in the analysis of self in relation to others, place, and time, primarily through the use of an extended developmental protocol (Barnes-Holmes, 2001). In a move toward extending methodologies for studying deictic relational responding, more recent research has employed the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) to measure deictic relational responding regarding I versus OTHER (Barbero-Rubio et al. in The Psychological Record, 66, 243–252, 2016). The initial purpose of the current study was to systematically replicate and extend this research. This extension involved the inclusion of a control condition in which no responding to self was involved, only responding to others. The results from Experiment 1 yielded significant IRAP effects for two of the four trial-types in both the deictic and control IRAPs. A second experiment involved a novel method for collecting IRAP data (a read-aloud procedure), which had been shown to yield significant effects for all four trial-types, and four significant effects were indeed recorded for both deictic and control IRAPs. Based on the current findings, a model is presented that seeks to explain the differential trial-type effects that are observed across the different IRAPs and the impact of the read-aloud procedure.

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Notes

  1. It is important to emphasize that the current research was a systematic, rather than direct, replication of Barbero-Rubio et al. (2016), in that there were numerous procedural differences between the earlier work and the present research (see Sidman, 1960).

  2. We subjected the raw reaction time data from this IRAP to the same analyses as those conducted by Barbero-Rubio et al. (2016) and found broadly similar results for the trial types that produced significant DIRAP-scores in our study, but not for the trial types that produced non-significant effects.

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Funding

This research was conducted with funding from the FWO Type I Odysseus Program at Ghent University, Belgium awarded to Dermot Barnes-Holmes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Health Psychology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Deirdre Kavanagh, Yvonne Barnes-Holmes, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Ciara McEnteggart & Martin Finn

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  1. Deirdre Kavanagh
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  2. Yvonne Barnes-Holmes
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  3. Dermot Barnes-Holmes
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  4. Ciara McEnteggart
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  5. Martin Finn
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Deirdre Kavanagh.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures in the current study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee, and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants.

Additional information

The data for the current manuscript was collected and prepared with the support of the FWO Type I Odysseus Program at Ghent University, Belgium. We are very grateful to the reviewers for their thorough and constructive commentaries.

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Kavanagh, D., Barnes-Holmes, Y., Barnes-Holmes, D. et al. Exploring Differential Trial-Type Effects and the Impact of a Read-Aloud Procedure on Deictic Relational Responding on the IRAP. Psychol Rec 68, 163–176 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-018-0276-1

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