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Screening for Sleep Apnea: When and How?

  • Sleep Related Breathing Disorders (L Kheirandish-Gozal, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Sleep Medicine Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Several models aimed at screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been published, and most of these are based on questions containing clinical, demographic, and anthropometric features previously identified as OSA risk factors. Here, our main objective was to review the usefulness of some of these screening tools and delineate their performance when attempting to identify subjects at risk for OSA.

Recent Findings

We evaluated some of the most cited screening tools including Sleep Apnea Clinical Score, Berlin and STOP-Bang questionnaires, Four-Variable Screening Tool, NoSAS score, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Analysis of the predictive performance of the different tools is influenced by the sleep test used, the type of population studied, and the threshold of the apnea/hypopnea index used for OSA diagnosis.

Summary

Nowadays, it would appear that the most employed screening instrument is the STOP-Bang questionnaire. It is a mnemonic method with eight questions dichotomized into yes-or-no responses and exhibits high sensitivity at all levels of OSA severity while also having been widely validated in several different populations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sleep - Laboratório de Estudo dos Distúrbios do Sono, Centro Médico BarraShopping, Avenida das Américas 4666, sala 309, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, 22649-900, Brazil

    Ricardo Luiz de Menezes Duarte & Flavio José Magalhães-da-Silveira

  2. Instituto de Doenças do Tórax - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Ricardo Luiz de Menezes Duarte

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    David Gozal

Authors
  1. Ricardo Luiz de Menezes Duarte
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  2. Flavio José Magalhães-da-Silveira
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  3. David Gozal
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Correspondence to Ricardo Luiz de Menezes Duarte.

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Conflict of Interest

Ricardo L. M. Duarte, Flavio J. Magalhães-da-Silveira, and David Gozal each declare no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Sleep Related Breathing Disorders

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de Menezes Duarte, R.L., Magalhães-da-Silveira, F.J. & Gozal, D. Screening for Sleep Apnea: When and How?. Curr Sleep Medicine Rep 4, 221–230 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-018-0120-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-018-0120-9

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