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Phenotype of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue: Specificities of the Anatomical Distribution, Secretory Profile, Lipid Content, and Response to Nutritional Status

  • Molecular Biology of Bone Marrow Fat Adiposity (B van der Eerden, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is currently considered as a unique and typical fat depot, able to modulate the metabolism of bone cells that share the same microenvironment, with putative subsequent impact on skeletal health. The aim of the present review is to update knowledge related to the molecular phenotype of the BMAT adipocytes.

Recent Findings

Although sharing white and brown adipose tissue-like features, BMAT exhibits its own specific properties. It may consist of two sub-populations of adipocytes, ensuring different metabolic functions and presenting distinct lipidomic and genetic profiles. Current evidence highlights the dynamic lipid composition of BMAT, varying according to pathophysiological situations.

Summary

Since several studies are now demonstrating an alteration of BMAT lipid composition in bone diseases associated with a loss of bone integrity, the investigation of the qualitative aspect of marrow adiposity is currently overtaking its quantitative assessment. A better knowledge of the BMAT lipid content could enlarge the therapeutic potential for bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteonecrosis.

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  1. Laboratory of Bone and Metabolic Biochemistry CP 611, Faculty of Medicine, Université libre de Bruxelles, 808 Lennikstreet, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Céline Gillet & Joanne Rasschaert

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Gillet, C., Rasschaert, J. Phenotype of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue: Specificities of the Anatomical Distribution, Secretory Profile, Lipid Content, and Response to Nutritional Status. Curr Mol Bio Rep 4, 8–15 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40610-018-0086-x

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