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Zebrafish as a Model for Toxicological Perturbation of Yolk and Nutrition in the Early Embryo

  • Mechanisms of Toxicity (CJ Mattingly and A Planchart, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Developmental toxicity assessments often focus on structural outcomes and overlook subtle metabolic differences which occur during the early embryonic period. Deviant embryonic nutrition can result in later-life disease, including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Prior to placenta-mediated nutrient exchange, the human embryo requires maternally supplied nutritional substrates for growth, called yolk. Here, we compare the biology of the human and zebrafish yolk and review examples of toxicant-mediated perturbation of yolk defects, composition, and utilization.

Recent Findings

Zebrafish embryos, like human embryos, have a protruding yolk sac that serves as a nutritional cache. Aberrant yolk morphology is a common qualitative finding in fish embryotoxicity studies, but quantitative assessment and characterization provides an opportunity to uncover mechanistic targets of toxicant effects on embryonic nutrition.

Summary

The zebrafish and the study of its yolk sac is an excellent model for uncovering toxicant disruptions to early embryonic nutrition and has potential to discover mechanistic insights into the developmental origins of health and disease.

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Funding

Funding for this work was provided by the National Institutes of Health (R01ES025748 and R01ES028201 to AT-L, and F32ES028085 to KES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Goessman 171, 686 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA

    Karilyn E. Sant & Alicia R. Timme-Laragy

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  1. Karilyn E. Sant
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  2. Alicia R. Timme-Laragy
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Correspondence to Alicia R. Timme-Laragy.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

All reported studies with animal subjects performed by the authors have complied with all applicable ethical standards. All procedures were approved by the University of Massachusetts Amherst IACUC committee (Animal Welfare Assurance Number A3551-01).

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Mechanisms of Toxicity

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Sant, K.E., Timme-Laragy, A.R. Zebrafish as a Model for Toxicological Perturbation of Yolk and Nutrition in the Early Embryo. Curr Envir Health Rpt 5, 125–133 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-018-0183-2

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