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Dental Biomaterial Scaffolds in Tooth Tissue Engineering: a Review

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review aims to summarize the literature on biomaterials used as scaffolds, focusing on strategies for tooth tissue engineering, ideal requirements, and classifications of scaffold biomaterials.

Recent Findings

Biomaterials have a significant influence in the arena of tooth tissue engineering. The involvement of biomaterial scaffolds in tissue regeneration is essential, as they provide a porous framework or a carrier for stem cells and/or growth factor delivery to the pivotal target site. Many natural and synthetic biomaterials could be used to serve as scaffolds for tooth tissue engineering.

Summary

Nanotechnology and surface coating technology, together with advancement of biomaterial bioactivity and biomimicry, have a great influence in cellular response, rate of tissue healing, and finally long-term success of tissue engineering treatment. A limitation of the current study is mainly due to a lack of clinical trials.

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Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

EMD:

Enamel matrix derivative

rh-PDGF-BB:

Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB

FGF-2:

Fibroblast growth factor 2

GDF-5:

Growth and differentiation factor 5

BMPs:

Bone morphogenic proteins

DPSCs::

Dental pulp stem cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

3D:

Three dimensional

PLA:

Polylactic acid

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

PGA:

Polyglycolic acid

PLGA:

Polylactic-co-glycolic acid

PMMA:

Polymethylmethacrylate

PTFE:

Polytetrafluoroethylene

ACP:

Amorphous calcium phosphate

OCP:

Octacalcium phosphate

α-TCP:

α-Tricalcium phosphate

β-TCP:

β-Tricalcium phosphate

CDHA:

Calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite

HA:

Hydroxyapatite

TTCP:

Tetracalcium phosphate

TCP:

Tricalcium phosphate

BAG:

Bioactive glass

CAD/CAM:

Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing

AgNPs:

Silver nanoparticles

QPS:

Quaternary pyridinium salts

References

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Professor Roger Watson, Professor of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, UK, for his support and help through English editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Restorative and Dental Materials Department, National Research Centre (NRC), El Bohouth St, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt

    Tamer M. Hamdy

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T. M. Hamdy contributed to the conception and design of the review, collection of data, interpretation of the analyzed data, writing the manuscript, revised and reviewed the draft manuscript, and read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tamer M. Hamdy.

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Hamdy, T.M. Dental Biomaterial Scaffolds in Tooth Tissue Engineering: a Review. Curr Oral Health Rep 10, 14–21 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-023-00329-0

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