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Optimal reorientation of a free-floating space robot subject to initial state uncertainties

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Abstract

This paper focuses on the dynamics and optimal reorientation of a free-floating space robot system in the presence of initial state uncertainties. A control strategy combining optimal motion planning and feedback control is presented based on the dynamic model of the system. In the design of the optimal motion planning, Legendre pseudospectral method (LPM) is used to transform the optimal reorientation problem into a nonlinear programming problem. Then, sequential quadratic programming algorithm is employed to solve the nonlinear programming problem and off-line generate the optimal reference trajectory of the system. In the design of feedback control, the state equation is linearized around the reference trajectory obtained by LPM. The tracking control problem is converted into a two-point boundary value problem based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle. Then LPM is used to discretize the two-point boundary value problem and transform it into a set of linear algebraic equations. This process does not require any integration calculations and has good performance in real time. Numerical simulations indicate that the control strategy is effective with good robustness.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11732005 and 11472058).

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Correspondence to Qijia Yao.

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Technical Editor: André Cavalieri.

Appendix

Appendix

The expressions of \(\varvec{J}_i\;(i=0,1,2,3)\) in Eq. (63) are

$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{J}_0&=(\varvec{k}_{00}+\varvec{I}_0)\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{10}\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{20}\varvec{R}_2+\varvec{k}_{30}\varvec{R}_3\\&\quad+\left( \varvec{k}_{01}\varvec{R}_0+(\varvec{k}_{11}+\varvec{I}_1)\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{21}\varvec{R}_2+\varvec{k}_{31}\varvec{R}_3\right) \varvec{R}_{01}\\&+\quad\left( \varvec{k}_{02}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{12}\varvec{R}_1+(\varvec{k}_{22}+\varvec{I}_2)\varvec{R}_2+\varvec{k}_{32}\varvec{R}_3\right) \varvec{R}_{02}\\&+\quad \left( \varvec{k}_{03}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{13}\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{23}\varvec{R}_2+(\varvec{k}_{33}+\varvec{I}_3)\varvec{R}_3\right) \varvec{R}_{03},\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{J}_1&=\varvec{k}_{01}\varvec{R}_0+(\varvec{k}_{11}+\varvec{I}_1)\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{21}\varvec{R}_2+\varvec{k}_{31}\varvec{R}_3\\&+\quad(\varvec{k}_{02}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{12}\varvec{R}_1+(\varvec{k}_{22}+\varvec{I}_2)\varvec{R}_2+\varvec{k}_{32}\varvec{R}_3)\varvec{R}_{12}\\&+\quad(\varvec{k}_{03}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{13}\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{23}\varvec{R}_2+(\varvec{k}_{33}+\varvec{I}_3)\varvec{R}_3)\varvec{R}_{13},\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{J}_2&=\varvec{k}_{02}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{12}\varvec{R}_1+(\varvec{k}_{22}+\varvec{I}_2)\varvec{R}_2+\varvec{k}_{32}\varvec{R}_3\\&+\quad(\varvec{k}_{03}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{13}\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{23}\varvec{R}_2+(\varvec{k}_{33}+\varvec{I}_3)\varvec{R}_3)\varvec{R}_{23},\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{J}_3=\varvec{k}_{03}\varvec{R}_0+\varvec{k}_{13}\varvec{R}_1+\varvec{k}_{23}\varvec{R}_2+(\varvec{k}_{33}+\varvec{I}_3)\varvec{R}_3,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$

where \(\varvec{R}_i\) is the coordinate transformation matrix of \(B_i\) with respect to the reference frame. \(\varvec{R}_{i,j}\) is the coordinate transformation matrix of \(B_j\) with respect to the body-fixed frame of \(B_i\). The expressions of \(\varvec{k}_{ij}\) are

$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{00}=c_{11}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{01}=c_{11}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1+c_{12}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{02}=c_{12}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2+c_{13}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{03}=c_{13}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{10}=c_{11}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0+c_{21}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{11}=c_{11}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1+c_{12}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1+c_{21}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1+c_{22}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{12}=c_{12}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2+c_{13}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2+c_{22}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2+c_{23}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{20}=c_{21}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0+c_{31}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{21}=c_{21}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1+c_{22}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1+c_{31}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1+c_{32}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{22}=c_{22}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2+c_{23}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2+c_{32}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2+c_{33}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{23}=c_{23}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3+c_{33}\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{30}=c_{31}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_0\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_0,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{31}=c_{31}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_1+c_{32}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_1\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_1,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{32}=c_{32}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_2+c_{33}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_2\widetilde{\varvec{b}}_2,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \varvec{k}_{33}=c_{33}\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3^{\rm T}\varvec{R}_3\widetilde{\varvec{d}}_3,\nonumber \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} c_{jk}=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} &{}\frac{1}{m}\left( \sum _{i=0}^{j-1}m_i\right) \left( \sum _{i=k}^3m_i\right) ,~j\le k,\\ &{}\frac{1}{m}\left( \sum _{i=0}^{k-1}m_i\right) \left( \sum _{i=j}^3m_i\right) ,~j>k. \end{array} \right. \nonumber \end{aligned}$$

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Yao, Q., Ge, X. Optimal reorientation of a free-floating space robot subject to initial state uncertainties. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 40, 146 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-018-1064-1

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