Combined energetic and exergetic assessment of a biomass-based integrated power and refrigeration plant
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Abstract
In this study, an integrated power and refrigeration plant, based on biomass gasification, has been modeled and analyzed. The producer gas generated by gasification of solid biomass undergoes full combustion in a combustor-heat exchanger (CHX) and heats up compressed air for an indirectly heated gas turbine (GT) cycle. The waste heat of the CHX exhaust is further recovered in a recovery boiler to produce steam for the generator of an absorption refrigeration (VAR) unit. Energetic and exergetic assessments have been performed for this integrated plant. Major plant parameters, viz. GT cycle pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature were varied to find optimized plant configuration. The results show that at a GT cycle pressure ratio 10, the plant yields highest electrical efficiency of 27% when the GT inlet air temperature is 1100 °C. At this point, the plant has the lowest cooling-to–power ratio (CTPR, value being 1.18), although this point also gives best exergetic performance; with a combined exergetic efficiency of 27.6%. The plant also gives lowest exergetic specific biomass consumption of 0.7 kg/kWh and highest fuel energy savings ratio of about 45% at the same point.
Keywords
Biomass Gasification Exergy Power Vapor absorption refrigeration EfficiencyAbbreviations
- ABS
Absorber
- AHX
Air heat exchanger
- C
Compressor
- CHX
Combustor-heat exchanger
- COMB
Combustor
- CON
Condenser
- EVP
Evaporator
- FP
Feed pump
- GASF
Gasifier
- GEN
Generator
- GT
Gas turbine
- RB
Recovery boiler
- RCT
Rectifier
- REV
Refrigerant expansion valve
- RHX
Refrigerant heat exchanger
- SEV
Solution expansion valve
- SHX
Solution heat exchanger
- SP
Solution pump
- VAR
Vapor absorption refrigeration
Greek symbols
- β
Ratio of fuel exergy to the LHV
- η
Efficiency
- λ
Air–fuel equivalence ratio
Symbols
- cp
Specific heat, kJ/kg-K
- COP
Coefficient of performance
- CTPR
Cooling-to–power ratio
- ECOP
Exergetic coefficient of performance
- Ex
Exergy rate, kW
- ExD
Exergy destruction rate, kW
- ExSBC
Exergetic specific biomass consumption, kg/kWh
- FESR
Fuel energy saving ratio, %
- LHV
Lower heating value, kJ/kg
- m
Mass flow rate, kg/s
- p
Pressure, bar
- PR
Pressure ratio of gas turbine cycle
- Q
Rate of heat transfer, kW
- s
Specific entropy, kJ/kg-K
- T
Temperature, °C
- TIT
Turbine inlet temperature, °C
- W
Power, kW
Subscripts
- a
Air
- b
Biomass
- B
Boiler
- C
Compressor
- e
Electrical
- ex
Exergetic
- fg
Flue gas
- FP
Feed pump
- G
Electricity generator
- i
Isentropic
- in
Input
- mc
Mechanical
- ov
Overall
- pg
Producer gas
- R
Refrigeration
- ref
Reference
- SP
Solution pump
- 1, 2…
- Represent state points in Fig. 1Fig. 1
Schematic of the integrated power and refrigeration plant
- o
Dead state
Notes
Acknowledgements
The first author acknowledges the support provided by the Thermal Simulation and Computation (TSC) Lab at Mechanical Engineering Department of IIEST, Shibpur for carrying out the research work.
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