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Summation identities and transformations for hypergeometric series

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Abstract

We find summation identities and transformations for the McCarthy’s p-adic hypergeometric series by evaluating certain Gauss sums which appear while counting points on the family

$$\begin{aligned} Z_{\lambda }: x_1^d+x_2^d=d\lambda x_1x_2^{d-1} \end{aligned}$$

over a finite field \(\mathbb {F}_p\). Salerno expresses the number of points over a finite field \(\mathbb {F}_p\) on the family \(Z_{\lambda }\) in terms of quotients of p-adic gamma functions under the condition that \(d|p-1\). In this paper, we first express the number of points over a finite field \(\mathbb {F}_p\) on the family \(Z_{\lambda }\) in terms of McCarthy’s p-adic hypergeometric series for any odd prime p not dividing \(d(d-1)\), and then deduce two summation identities for the p-adic hypergeometric series. We also find certain transformations and special values of the p-adic hypergeometric series. We finally find a summation identity for the Greene’s finite field hypergeometric series.

Résumé

Nous trouvons des identités et des transformations de sommations pour les séries p-adiques hypergéométriques de McCarthy en évaluant certaines sommes de Gauss qui apparaissent lorsque nous comptons le nombre de points sur un corps fini \(\mathbb {F}_p\) de la famille

$$\begin{aligned} Z_{\lambda } : x_1^d+x_2^d = d\lambda x_1x_2^{d-1}. \end{aligned}$$

Pour sa part, Salerno exprime le nombre de points sur un corps fini \( \mathbb {F}_p\) de la famille \(Z_{\lambda }\) en termes de quotients de fonctions gamma p-adiques sous la condition que d divise \(p-1\). Dans cet article, nous exprimons d’abord le nombre de points sur un corps fini \(\mathbb {F}_p\) de la famille \(Z_{\lambda }\) en termes de séries hypergéométriques p-adiques de McCarthy pour tout nombre premier impair p ne divisant pas \(d(d-1)\), et déduisons ensuite deux identités de sommations pour les séries hypergéométriques p-adiques. Nous trouvons aussi certaines transformations et des valeurs spéciales de séries hypergéométriques. Finalement, nous trouvons une identité de sommations pour les séries hypergéométriques sur un corps fini de Greene.

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Correspondence to Rupam Barman.

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We appreciate the careful review and thank the referee for helpful comments. This work is partially supported by a start up grant of the first author awarded by Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati. The second author acknowledges the financial support of Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for supporting a part of this work under INSPIRE Faculty Fellowship.

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Barman, R., Saikia, N. Summation identities and transformations for hypergeometric series. Ann. Math. Québec 42, 133–157 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40316-017-0087-9

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