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Identification and Evaluation of a Panel of Ginsenosides from Different Red Ginseng Extracts with Nootropic Effect

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities Aims and scope

Abstract

Red ginseng has been gradually discovered to have pharmacological and physiological effects. It is well known that the most important bioactive components of ginseng are ginsenosides. The nootropic effect of ginsenosides from nine different red ginseng extracts was evaluated here. Nine groups of mice were perfused with different concentrations of nine red ginseng extracts, respectively, and two groups of mice with distilled water. The nootropic effect of ginsenosides on mice was evaluated with behavior tests and a biochemical indicator study. The extracts were identified by rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrome-try(RRLC-Q-TOF-MS). Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) was used to analyze the contribution of chemical components from different ginseng groups. The extracts with the most and the weakest effective nootropic were found. It is notable that extract processing is a very important factor to decide pharmacological functions of ginseng extracts. As a conclusion, the most effective extract method for ginsenosides has been found. A panel of 13 ginsenosides has been screened out as chemical markers with nootropic effect, which include high level ginsenosides Ra0, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rd, and Rg1 and low level ginsenosides mRb1, mRc, mRb2, mRd, and F2. Low level ginsenosides were first time to be discovered as possible nootropic compounds. This method may shed light on fast discovery of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants with low level compounds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, P. R. China

    Yulin Dai, Ying Zhang, Fei Zheng & Hao Yue

  2. Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea

    Yulin Dai & Youjin Jeon

  3. Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China

    Xu Zhao

  4. Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China

    Li Ma

Authors
  1. Yulin Dai
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  2. Ying Zhang
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  3. Xu Zhao
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  4. Youjin Jeon
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  5. Fei Zheng
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  6. Li Ma
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  7. Hao Yue
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Li Ma or Hao Yue.

Additional information

Supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province, China(Nos.2017161, 20160101152JC).

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Dai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X. et al. Identification and Evaluation of a Panel of Ginsenosides from Different Red Ginseng Extracts with Nootropic Effect. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ. 34, 375–381 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40242-018-7422-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40242-018-7422-9

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