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Screening for and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease for Children with Congenital Abnormalities of the Kidney and Urinary Tract

  • Urology (GE Tasian, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Our objective is to review the current diagnosis and management of CAKUT, with a focus on kidney function outcomes.

Recent Findings

The rate of detection of CAKUT has increased with routine prenatal ultrasonography. Despite earlier detection, children with CAKUT are still at risk for future CKD. Several tools offer prognostic information on renal function, including traditional urinary testing for proteinuria and more contemporary biomarkers. Blood pressure monitoring may identify those at risk for cardiac morbidity, whereas strict blood pressure control may delay CKD progression. Aspects of medical and surgical treatments for CAKUT are still debatable.

Summary

CAKUT are a complex entity that should involve a multidisciplinary team to determine the indications for medical and surgical interventions to reduce the morbidity associated with CKD.

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  1. Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. 1st Ave. Building 54, Room 237A, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA

    Belinda Li

  2. Division of Urology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Box 24, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    David Chu

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Li, B., Chu, D. Screening for and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease for Children with Congenital Abnormalities of the Kidney and Urinary Tract. Curr Pediatr Rep 6, 237–245 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-018-0180-9

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