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Functionalization, Uptake and Release Studies of Active Molecules Using Halloysite Nanocontainers

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Abstract

Halloysite nanotubes are inorganic clay minerals of kaolin group. Halloysite possess unique morphology, chemical composition, cation exchange capacity and charge properties making them ideal candidate for various industrial application. In the present study, an attempt was made to functionalize the exterior surface of halloysite nanocontainer. The surface of halloysite nanocontainer was modified using tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC). Further an attempt was made to employ these functionalized nanocontainers to uptake and release the active molecule (dye Acid Red1). TBAC-modified nanocontainer indicated higher adsorption capacity of 4.54 mg/g as compared to unmodified nanocontainer (3.08 mg/g). The release behaviour of active molecule from loaded nanocontainers was found with change in pH and temperature. Since the loading characteristics of functionalized nanocontainers were found to be adsorption dependent, parameters such as effect of time, loading, pH, initial concentration were studied for analysing the loading characteristics. The dye release from 0.5 g dye-loaded TBAC-modified nanocontainers at pH 11 and at 32 °C was found to be 92%. Lastly, the release readings were analysed for the best fit (97%) using permeation kinetic model (Peppa’s model).

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Abbreviations

AR:

Acid Red 1 (dye)

CH3COOH:

Acetic acid

CH3COONa:

Sodium acetate

DI:

Deionized water

HCl:

Hydrochloric acid

HDTMA:

Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide

HNT:

Halloysite nanotubes

Na2HPO4 :

Disodium hydrogen phosphate

NaCl:

Sodium chloride

NaH2PO4 :

Monosodium phosphate

TBAC:

Tetrabutylammonium chloride

C 0 :

Initial solution concentration in ppm

C e :

Solution concentration at equilibrium in ppm

C ed :

Equilibrium concentration of the dye in the solution in (mg/L)

k ad1 :

Rate constant of pseudo-first-order adsorption (min−1)

k ad2 :

Rate constant of pseudo-second-order adsorption (g mg−1 min−1)

K f and n :

Physical constants of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm

k t :

Release rate constant

M :

Mass of nanocontainers in g

n :

Release exponent indicating transport mechanism

q 0 :

Amount of dye release in the solution at time t = 0

q e :

Amount of adsorbed dye on the adsorbent surface in (mg/g) at equilibrium

q t :

Amount of dye release in the solution at time t

Q max :

Maximum adsorption capacity (mg/g)

Q t :

Amount of dye release in given time

V :

Volume of solution in litre

β :

Signifies the constant related to the energy of adsorption

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Institute of Chemical Technology, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, 425001, India

    Shailesh Adinath Ghodke & Satyendra Mishra

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telengana State, 506004, India

    Shirish Hari Sonawane

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India

    Bharat Apparao Bhanvase

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, 411041, India

    Kalpana Shrikant Joshi

  5. Department of Food and Biotechnology, FGAOU VO “South Ural State University” (NIU), Chelyabinsk, Russia

    Irina Potoroko

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  1. Shailesh Adinath Ghodke
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Correspondence to Shirish Hari Sonawane.

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Ghodke, S.A., Sonawane, S.H., Bhanvase, B.A. et al. Functionalization, Uptake and Release Studies of Active Molecules Using Halloysite Nanocontainers. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. E 100, 59–70 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40034-019-00140-6

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