Abstract
Leaf blight is the most devastating disease of Java Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) in North east India. The pathogen was isolated and identified as Curvularia andropogonis. A total of 6 Trichodema isolates were recovered from forest soil and tested against the target pathogen. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among Trichoderma isolates in checking the mycelial growth of C. andropogonis in dual culture, inverted plate and culture filtrate assay (P < 0.05). Two potential Trichoderma isolates were identified as T. asperellum and T. virens using sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA. Both the species were found more effective and significantly inhibited the growth of the test pathogen in vitro. Our results suggest appealing application possibilities of Trichoderma isolates in the biological management of leaf blight disease of Java Citronella.
References
Mao AA, Hynniewta TM, Sangappa M (2009) Plant wealth of North east India with reference to Ethnobotany. Indian J Tradit Knowl 8(1):96–103
Ganjewala D (2009) Cymbopogon essential oils: chemical compositions and bioactivities. Int J Essent Oil Ther 3:56–65
Chutia M, Mahanta JJ, Saikia RC, Baruah AKS, Sharma TC (2006) Influence of Leaf Blight disease on yield and its constituents of Java Citronella and in vitro control of the pathogen using essentials oil. World J Agric Sci 2(3):319–321
Yang C, Hamel C, Vujanovic V, Gan Y (2011) Fungicide: modes of Action and Possible Impact on Nontarget Microorganisms. ISRN Ecology. https://doi.org/10.5402/2011/130289
Subramanian CV (1953) Fungi Imperfecti from Madras. V. Curvularia. Proc Indian Acad Sci Sect B 3:27–39
Gil SV, Pastorb S, Marcha GJ (2009) Quantitative isolation of biocontrol agents Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp. and actinomycetes from soil with culture media. Microbiol Res 164(2):196–205
Morton DJ, Stroube WH (1955) Antagonistic and stimulating effects of soil micro-organism upon Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology 45:417–420
Dennis C, Webster J (1971) Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma- II. Production of volatile antibiotics. Trans Br Mycol Soc 57:47–48
Grover RK, Moore JD (1962) Toximetric studies of fungicides against brown rot organism. Sclerotina fruticola. Phytopathology 52:876–880
Anees M, Tronsmo A, HermannVE Hjeljord LG, Heraud C, Steinberg C (2010) Characterization of field isolates of Trichoderma antagonistic against Rhizoctonia solani. Fungal Biol 114:691–701
Diaz G, Corcoles AI, Asencio AD, Torres MP (2012) In vitro antagonism of Trichoderma and naturally occurring fungi from elms against Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. For Pathol 43(1):51–58
Tapwal A, Singh U, Teixeira da Silva JA, Singh G, Garg S, Kumar R (2011) In vitro antagonisn of Trichoderma viride against five phytopathogens. Pest Technology 5(1):59–62
Muthukumar A, Eswaran A, Sanjeevkumas K (2011) Exploitation of Trichoderma species on the growth of Pythium aphanidermatum in Chilli. Braz J Microbiol 42(4):1598–1607
Sharfuddin C, Mohanka R (2012) In vitro antagonism of indigenous Trichoderma isolates against phytopathogen causing wilt of lentil. Int J Life Sci Pharma Res 2(3):195–202
Rahman MA, Begum MF, Alam MF (2009) Screening of Trichoderma isolates as a biological control agent against Ceratocystis paradoxa causing Pineapple Disease of Sugarcane. Mycobiology 37(4):277–285
Dennis C, Webster J (1971) Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma—II. Production of volatile antibiotics. Trans Br Mycol Soc 57:47–48
Schirmbock M, Lorito M, Wang YL, Hayes CK, Arisan AI, Scala F, Herman GE, Kubicek CP (1994) Parallel formation and synergism of hydrolytic enzymes and peptaibol antibiotics, molecular mechanisms involved in the antagonistic action of Trichoderma harzianum against phytopathogenic fungi. Appl Environ Microbiol 60(12):4344–4370
Kucuk C, Kivanc M (2004) In vitro antifungal activity of strains of Trichoderma harzianum. Turk J Biol 28:111–115
Reino JL, Guerrero RF, Galan RH, Collado IJ (2008) Secondary metabolites from species of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma. Phytochem Rev 7:89–123
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Marra R, Barbetti MJ, Li H, Woo SL, Lorito M (2008) A novel role for Trichoderma secondary metabolites in the interactions with plants. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 72:80–86
Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, Lorito M (2004) Trichoderma species—opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nat Rev Microbiol 2:43–56
Druzhinina IS, Kopchinskiy AG, Kubicek CP (2006) The first 100 Trichoderma species characterized by molecular data. Mycoscience 47:55–64
Latha J, Verma A, Mukherjee PK (2002) PCR-fingerprinting of some Trichoderma isolates from two Indian type culture collections—a need for re-identification of these economically important fungi. Curr Sci 83(4):372–374
Mukherjee PK, Mukherjee AK, Krathi S (2013) Reclassification of Trichoderma viride (TNAU), the Most Widely Used Commercial Biofungicide in India, as Trichoderma asperelloides. Open Biotechnol J 7:7–9
Druzhinina IS, Komon-Zelazowska M, Kredics L, Hatvani L, Antal Z, Belayneh T, Kubicek CP (2008) Alternative reproductive strategies of Hypocrea orientalis and genetically close but clonal Trichoderma longibrachiatum, both capable of causing invasive mycoses of humans. Microbiology 154:3447–3459
Kuhls K, Lieckfeldt E, Borner T, Gueho E (1999) Molecular reidentification of human pathogenic Trichoderma isolates as Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Trichoderma citrinoviride. Med Mycol 37:25–33
Samuels GJ, Dodd SL, Gams W, Castlebury LA, Petrini O (2002) Trichoderma species associated with the green mold epidemic of commercially grown Agaricus bisporus. Mycologia 94:146–170
Błaszczyk L, Siwulski M, Sobieralski K, Frużynska-Jozwiak D (2013) Diversity of Trichoderma spp. causing Pleurotus green mould diseases in Central Europe. Folia Microbiol 58(4):325–333
Weindling R (1932) Trichoderma lignorum as a parasite of other soil fungi. Phytopathology 22:837–845
Benitez T, Rincon AM, Limón MC, Codón AC (2004) Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int Microbiol 7:249–260
Howell CR (2003) Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Dis 87:4–10
Harman GE (2011) Multifunctional fungal plant symbionts: new tools to enhance plant growth and productivity. New Phytol 189:647–649
Sarma A, Saikia RC, Sarma TC (2004) Effect of leaf blight disease on citronella oil and its major constituents and in vitro control of disease through application of bio-control agent. J Essent Oil Bear Plants 7(3):288–292
Acknowledgement
The support by the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun, for funding the Research Project ‘RFRI/2013-14/FP-5′ is gratefully acknowledged. Authors also express our gratitude to National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Pune for confirming the identities of fungal isolates.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pandey, S., Kumar, R. & Giri, K. In Vitro Antagonism of Trichoderma Isolates Against Curvularia andropogonis Causing Leaf Blight of Java Citronella. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. 42, 259–263 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-018-0728-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-018-0728-9