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A dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on a task-specific ionic liquid for enrichment of trace quantity of cadmium in water and food samples

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Abstract

In this work, a hydrophilic task-specific ionic liquid (TSIL) of 1-chloroethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride functionalized with 8-hydroxyquinoline was used in a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the enrichment and determination of trace amounts of cadmium (Cd2+) ions. The simultaneous chelation and extraction of Cd2+ ions was carried out by the TSIL. Fine droplets of the water-immiscible TSIL containing target analyte were generated in situ by addition of an anion exchanger potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF6) salt to the sample tube. After phase separation by centrifugation for 4 min, the sedimented TSIL was diluted with acidified ethanol for measurement of Cd2+ content. Some significant parameters influence the preconcentration of Cd2+ ions such as sample pH, TSIL volume, amount of KPF6, non-ionic surfactant and salt concentration were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, calibration curve was linear in the range of 5–250 µg L−1 Cd2+ with correlation coefficient of 0.9975 and a detection limit of 0.55 µg L−1. The relative standard deviation for six replicate measurements of 50 µg L−1 Cd2+ was 1.5%. The method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of Cd2+ ions in water and food samples.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Research Council of the University of Birjand for funding this work (Grant no. 35.662).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran

    Susan Sadeghi & Neda Sarrafi

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  1. Susan Sadeghi
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  2. Neda Sarrafi
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Correspondence to Susan Sadeghi.

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Sadeghi, S., Sarrafi, N. A dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on a task-specific ionic liquid for enrichment of trace quantity of cadmium in water and food samples. J IRAN CHEM SOC 15, 1913–1920 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-018-1388-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-018-1388-x

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