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Inhibitory effects of Anthocephalus cadamba stem bark fractions intercede anti-inflammatory and carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats

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Abstract

Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq. (Rubiaceae) is commonly known as “Kadamba”, frequently found in moist deciduous evergreen forests. The present study was performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective potential of A. cadamba fractions in relation to the free radical scavenging properties to corroborate and establish scientific evidence for its ethno-botanical uses. Quantification assay were determined for total phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Free radical scavenging properties were assessed by 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, superoxide, hypochlorous acid scavenging methods. Protein denaturation and human red blood cell membrane stabilization methods were performed to determine anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, Hepatocuretive potential was evaluated using carbon tetrachloride intoxicated (CCl4) rat’s model. Methanol fraction of A. cadamba (MEAC) was found to be the most potent free radical scavenger in all in vitro models. The higher inhibition properties of MEAC positively correlated with total phenolic (164.75 ± 3.83 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid compounds (51.20 ± 2.15 mg QE/g). The MEAC showed significant (p < 0.01) anti-inflammatory activity in all in-vitro methods. The A. cadamba significantly (p < 0.01) decreased levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin in the treated groups when compare to CCl4 control group. Treatment with A. cadamba significantly (p < 0.01) increase in the levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, accompanied with a marked reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde, as compared to CCl4 control group. These results indicated that A. cadamba possess anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective property which may be mediated through augmentation of antioxidant defenses.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the authority of Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032 for providing necessary facilities and received fellowship from UGC-RGNF [F1-17.1/2011-12/RGNF-SC-WES-1705/(SA-III/Website)], New Delhi, India for financial assistance of this research work.

Ethical Statement

The experiments were performed based on animal ethics guidelines of Jadavpur University Animals Ethics Committee (367001/C/CPCSEA).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Narayan Dolai, Uma kumari & Pallab Kanti Haldar

  2. Research and Development Centre, Natreon Inc, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700156, India

    Aminul Islam

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  1. Narayan Dolai
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  2. Uma kumari
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  4. Pallab Kanti Haldar
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Correspondence to Narayan Dolai or Pallab Kanti Haldar.

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Dolai, N., kumari, U., Islam, A. et al. Inhibitory effects of Anthocephalus cadamba stem bark fractions intercede anti-inflammatory and carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Orient Pharm Exp Med 15, 123–134 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-015-0182-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-015-0182-x

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