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Biology of B. sorokiniana (syn. Cochliobolus sativus) in genomics era

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Abstract

Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker is a hemi-biotrophic fungal pathogen, which is an anamorph (teleomorph Cochlibolus sativus). It causes spot blotch, root rot and leaf spot diseases in a number of cereals including wheat, barley and other small grain cereals. In the genomics era, the fungus has been subjected to a variety of studies using molecular approaches. Correct chromosome number was determined and molecular karyotypes were prepared using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field. Molecular maps were prepared using markers like RFLPs, SSRs, RAPDs and SNPs. For this purpose, segregating progenies derived from crosses between diverse isolates of the pathogen were used. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data was collected not only for B. sorokiniana isolates, but also for several species of Cochliobolus. Genes involved in secondary metabolism and virulence were identified from genome sequences. The WGS data has also been utilized for comparative genomics giving useful information about evolutionary trends. A brief account of this information is presented in this review.

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Abbreviations

SB:

Spot blotch

CRR:

Common root rot

ITS:

Internal transcribed spacer

PTI:

PAMP-triggered immunity

ETI:

Effector-triggered immunity

ETS:

Effector triggered susceptibility

NRPS:

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases

PKS:

Polyketide synthases

NGS:

Next generation sequencing

NBS LRR:

Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat

S/TPK:

Serine/threonine protein kinase

NE:

Necrotrophic effector

CHEF:

Contour-clamped homogeneous electric field

GTBM:

Germ tube burst method

AFLP:

Amplified fragment length polymorphism

HST:

Host-selective toxin

Avr:

Avirulence

NLS:

Nuclear localization signals

SSP:

Small secreted protein

EST:

Expressed sequence tag

SSR:

Simple sequence repeat

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction

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Acknowledgements

PKG was awarded a Senior Scientist position by Indian National Science Academy (INSA), during the tenure of which this study was undertaken. Thanks are due to Head, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS University, Meerut for providing facilities and to the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for the award of a Young Scientist Project to NKV, which facilitated this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India

    Pushpendra K. Gupta & Neeraj K. Vasistha

  2. Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Rashmi Aggarwal

  3. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), G-2, B-Block, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi, India

    Arun K. Joshi

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  1. Pushpendra K. Gupta
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Correspondence to Pushpendra K. Gupta.

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Gupta, P.K., Vasistha, N.K., Aggarwal, R. et al. Biology of B. sorokiniana (syn. Cochliobolus sativus) in genomics era. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 27, 123–138 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-017-0426-6

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