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Synthesis and Application of Cu-X zeolite for Removal of Antibiotic from Aqueous Solution: Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

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Abstract

13X zeolite was synthesized for removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution. To improve the removal efficiency, FAU zeolite was exposed to ion exchange process with \(\hbox {Cu}^{+2}\). The experiments were designed by the Design-Expert 7.0.0 software. The effect of experimental parameters including initial tetracycline (TC) concentration (50, 156.5, 525, 893.5, 1000 ppm) \(\hbox {Cu}^{+2}\) dosages (0, 0.3, 1.3, 2.2, 3 g/g) solution pH (2, 3, 6.5, 10, 11) and contact time (20, 34.6, 85, 135.4 min) was evaluated on TC removal efficiency. For minimizing the number of experiments for a complete evaluation, response surface methodology and central composite design were applied by means of Design-Expert 7.0.0 software. Results revealed that FAU zeolite adsorbent was effective in removal of tetracycline, where the removal efficiency was 85%. In fact, by increasing initial TC concentration from 156.5 to 890 mg/L, the removal efficiency was increased, while further increase in initial TC concentration over 890 mg/L did not cause a significant enhancement in its removal efficiency. Amount of exchanged Cu to 1.75 g/g had a positive effect on the removal efficiency but in over 1.75 g/g dosages, the removal efficiency showed a decreasing trend. The Design-Expert 7.0.0 software reported that the optimal operating conditions are TC concentration—810.5 ppm, \(\hbox {Cu}^{+2}\) dosages—0.6 g/g, solution pH—5.3, and contact time—113.6 min. The adsorption isotherms were fitted by Sips and Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson models. Finally, the adsorption kinetics were also studied by pseudo-second-order equation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ilam University, P.O. Box 69315/516, Ilam, Iran

    Behrouz Bayati

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177, Iran

    Asma Rahimi & Mehrdad Khamforoush

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  1. Asma Rahimi
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  2. Behrouz Bayati
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Rahimi, A., Bayati, B. & Khamforoush, M. Synthesis and Application of Cu-X zeolite for Removal of Antibiotic from Aqueous Solution: Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology. Arab J Sci Eng 44, 5381–5397 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3644-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3644-x

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