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Zika virus outbreak in New Caledonia and Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study

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Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with neurologic disorders including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In New Caledonia during the ZIKV outbreak (2014–2015), case-control and retrospective studies have been performed to assess the link between ZIKV and GBS. Among the 15 cases included, 33% had evidence of a recent ZIKV infection compared to only 3.3% in the 30 controls involved. All patients were Melanesian, had facial diplegia and similar neurophysiological pattern consistent with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and recovered well. Furthermore, during the peak of ZIKV transmission, we observed a number of GBS cases higher than the calculated upper limit, emphasizing the fact that ZIKV is now a major trigger of GBS.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Julie Sevila and Jean-Paul Grangeon (New Caledonia Health Department, Noumea) and Magali Teurlai (Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Noumea) for fruitful discussion in setting up the protocol. We thank Cyrille Goarant (Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Noumea) for revising the manuscript. We thank Vincent Richard (Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Noumea) for statistical analysis.

Funding

Study partly funded by French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir Programme (Labex Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases, IBEID, grant number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), New Caledonia Government, Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Centre Hospitalier Territorial, New Caledonia and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Gaston Bourret Territorial Hospital, Noumea, New Caledonia

    Olivier Simon, Pauline Millon, Segolene Billot, David Guyon & Nicolas Molko

  2. Department of Neurophysiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France

    Blandine Acket

  3. New Caledonia Health Department, Noumea, New Caledonia

    Carole Forfait, Maguy Daures & Sylvie Laumond

  4. Dengue and Arboviruses Expertise and Research Unit, Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia

    Dominique Girault & Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol

  5. Immuno-Serology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Noumea, New Caledonia

    Ann-Claire Gourinat & Antoine Biron

  6. Environment and Infectious Risks Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

    Jessica Vanhomwegen, Damien Hoinard & Jean Claude Manuguerra

  7. Department of Infectious Diseases, Gaston Bourret Territorial Hospital, Noumea, New Caledonia

    Elodie Descloux

Authors
  1. Olivier Simon
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  2. Blandine Acket
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  3. Carole Forfait
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  4. Dominique Girault
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  5. Ann-Claire Gourinat
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  6. Pauline Millon
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  7. Maguy Daures
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  8. Jessica Vanhomwegen
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  9. Segolene Billot
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  10. Antoine Biron
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  11. Damien Hoinard
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  12. Elodie Descloux
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  13. David Guyon
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  14. Jean Claude Manuguerra
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  15. Sylvie Laumond
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  16. Nicolas Molko
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  17. Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Olivier Simon.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Simon, O., Acket, B., Forfait, C. et al. Zika virus outbreak in New Caledonia and Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study. J. Neurovirol. 24, 362–368 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0621-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0621-9

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