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A multifunctional dexamethasone-delivery implant fabricated using atmospheric plasma and its effects on apoptosis, osteogenesis and inflammation

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Abstract

Implant-based local drug delivery is a unique surgical therapy with many clinical advantages. Atmospheric pressure plasma is a novel non-thermal surface biotechnology that has only recently been applied in enhancing a surgical implant. We are the first to use this technology to successfully create a dexamethasone-delivery metallic implant. Irrespective of the loaded medication, the surface of this novel implant possesses advantageous material features including homogeneity, hydrophilicity, and optimal roughness. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed much more sustainable drug release compared to the implants produced using simple drug attachment. In addition, our drug-releasing implant was found to have multiple biological benefits. As proven by the ELISA data, this multi-layer drug complex provides differential regulation on the cell apoptosis, as well as pro-osteogenic and anti-inflammatory effects on the peri-implant tissue. Furthermore, using the pathway-specific PCR array, our study discovered 28 and 26 upregulated and downregulated genes during osteogenesis and inflammation on our newly fabricated drug-delivery implant, respectively. The medication-induced change in molecular profile serves as a promising clue for designing future implant-based therapy. Collectively, we present atmospheric pressure plasma as a potent tool for creating a surgical implant-based drug-delivery system, which renders multiple therapeutic potentials.

Schematic of the APP-facilitated Dex-delivery implant. This layer-by-layer drug-releasing complex consisted of bottom plasma activation layer, middle medication layer, and top absorbable polymer layer.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Professor Denis Dowling in UCD Centre for Biomedical Engineering and experts in the National Centre for Plasma Science & Technology.

Funding

This work was sponsored by the Shanghai Pujiang Program (project no. 19PJ1408800). It was initiated by Science Foundation Ireland and Shanghai East Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

    Fei Tan

  2. School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin—National University of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

    Fei Tan

  3. The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK

    Fei Tan

  4. Department of Biology, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq

    Mohamed Al-Rubeai

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  1. Fei Tan
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Correspondence to Fei Tan.

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Tan, F., Al-Rubeai, M. A multifunctional dexamethasone-delivery implant fabricated using atmospheric plasma and its effects on apoptosis, osteogenesis and inflammation. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 11, 86–102 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-019-00700-8

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