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Natural and synthetic polymer-based smart biomaterials for management of ulcerative colitis: a review of recent developments and future prospects

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Abstract

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the colon that severely affects the quality of life of patients and usually responds well to anti-inflammatory agents for symptomatic relief; however, many patients need colectomy, a surgical procedure to remove whole or part of the colon. Though various types of pharmacological agents have been employed for the management of UC, the lack of effectiveness is usually predisposed to various reasons including lack of target-specific delivery of drugs and insufficient drug accumulation at the target site. To overcome these glitches, many researchers have designed and characterized various types of versatile polymeric biomaterials to achieve target-specific delivery of drugs via oral route to optimize their targeting efficiency to the colon, to improve drug accumulation at the target site, as well as to ameliorate off-target effects of chemotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize and critically discuss the pharmaceutical significance and therapeutic feasibility of a wide range of natural and synthetic biomaterials for efficient drug targeting to colon and rationalized treatment of UC. Among various types of biomaterials, natural and synthetic polymer-based hydrogels have shown promising targeting potential due to their innate pH responsiveness, sustained and controlled release characteristics, and microbial degradation in the colon to release the encapsulated drug moieties. These characteristic features make natural and synthetic polymer-based hydrogels superior to conventional pharmacological strategies for the management of UC.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for the financial support through Project No. 21-487/SRGP/R&D/HEC/2015. This study became possible due to the support of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sohail,  Mudassir, Syed Ahmed Shah, Mubeen Kousar & Kaleem Ullah

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan

    Muhammad Usman Minhas & Samiullah Khan

  3. Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Lower Dir, KPK, Pakistan

    Shahzeb Khan

  4. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Zahid Hussain

  5. SEDA Pharmaceutical Development Services, The BioHub at Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK

    Marcel de Matas

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  1. Muhammad Sohail
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Sohail, M., Mudassir, Minhas, M.U. et al. Natural and synthetic polymer-based smart biomaterials for management of ulcerative colitis: a review of recent developments and future prospects. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 9, 595–614 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-018-0512-x

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