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Newcastle disease virus suppress glycolysis pathway and induce breast cancer cells death

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Abstract

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can modulate cancer cell signaling pathway and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Cancer cells increase their glycolysis rates to meet the energy demands for their survival and generate ATP as the primary energy source for cell growth and proliferation. Interfering the glycolysis pathway may be a valuable antitumor strategy. This study aimed to assess the effect of NDV on the glycolysis pathway in infected breast cancer cells. Oncolytic NDV attenuated AMHA1 strain was used in this study. AMJ13 and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines and a normal embryonic REF cell line were infected with NDV with different multiplicity of infections (moi) to determine the IC50 of NDV through MTT assay. Crystal violet staining was done to study the morphological changes. NDV apoptosis induction was assessed using AO/PI assay. NDV interference with the glycolysis pathway was examined through measuring hexokinase (HK) activity, pyruvate, and ATP concentrations, and pH levels in NDV infected and non-infected breast cancer cells and in normal embryonic cells. The results showed that NDV replicates efficiently in cancer cells and spare normal cells and induce morphological changes and apoptosis in breast cancer cells but not in normal cells. NDV infected cancer cells showed decreased in the HK activity, pyruvate and ATP concentrations, and acidity, which reflect a significant decrease in the glycolysis activity of the NDV infected tumor cells. No effects on the normal cells were observed. In conclusion, oncolytic NDV ability to reduce glycolysis pathway activity in cancer cells can be an exciting module to improve antitumor therapeutics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical genetic research, Mustansiriyah University, for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Chemistry, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq

    Ahmed Ghdhban Al-Ziaydi

  2. Department of Experimental Therapy, Iraqi Center of Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari

  3. College of Medicine, University of Al-Nahrain, Baghdad, Iraq

    Mohammed I. Hamzah

  4. Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Haider Sabah Kadhim

  5. Department of Applied Sciences, Technology University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Majid Sakhi Jabir

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  1. Ahmed Ghdhban Al-Ziaydi
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Correspondence to Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari.

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Al-Ziaydi, A.G., Al-Shammari, A.M., Hamzah, M.I. et al. Newcastle disease virus suppress glycolysis pathway and induce breast cancer cells death. VirusDis. 31, 341–348 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00612-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00612-z

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