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Rabies virus infection in mice up-regulates B7-H1 via epigenetic modifications

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Abstract

Rabies virus infection is an endemic disease which remains central to public health issues. The presence of epigenetics associated with the over-expression of B7-H1 in mice brain infected with rabies virus was investigated for the first time. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in mRNA level of B7-H1 as the disease progressed was observed. The percentage of methylated region was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in infected tissues relative to uninfected. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone acetylase (HAT) activities were also significantly (p < 0.05) higher in most infected brain tissues. HAT had a relatively higher proportion than DNMT when compared to the normal. Paradoxically, it can be inferred that the rabies virus uses epigenetic mechanisms as a means of manipulating host genes, as there was an increase in global DNMT and HAT activities with concomitant increase in B7-H1 promoter methylation and expression.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank and appreciate Africa Center of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, (ACENTDFB) Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria for funding this important project. We also wish to acknowledge Dr. David Dantong of the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria for the help he has rendered in getting us CVS and SRV strains of the rabies virus used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

    Comfort E. Ojedapo, Aliyu Muhammad, Musa M. Abarshi & Maryam Abdulazeez

  2. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Grace S. N. Kia, Joy Cecilia Atawodi & Jacob K. P. Kwaga

  3. Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University Centre, Zaria, Nigeria

    Comfort E. Ojedapo, Aliyu Muhammad, Grace S. N. Kia, Musa M. Abarshi, Maryam Abdulazeez & Jacob K. P. Kwaga

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  1. Comfort E. Ojedapo
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  2. Aliyu Muhammad
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  4. Musa M. Abarshi
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Contributions

Conception: AM, CEO and GSNK; Design: AM, CEO, MMA and GSNK; Execution: CEO, AM, JCA; Interpretation: AM, CEO, GSNK, JKPK; Writing and Proof reading: CEO, AM, GSNK, MMA, AM, JCA, JKPK.

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Correspondence to Aliyu Muhammad.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest..

Human and animal rights

Animal housing and experimental protocols were performed according to the guidelines of the Nigerian council on Animal Care with the approval of the Ahmadu Bello University animal care committee.

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Ojedapo, C.E., Muhammad, A., Kia, G.S.N. et al. Rabies virus infection in mice up-regulates B7-H1 via epigenetic modifications. VirusDis. 31, 388–394 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00588-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00588-w

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