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Embryoid body size-mediated differential endodermal and mesodermal differentiation using polyethylene glycol (PEG) microwell array

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Abstract

Embryoid bodies have a number of similarities with cells in gastrulation, which provides useful biological information about embryonic stem cell differentiation. Extensive research has been done to study the control of embryoid body-mediated embryonic stem cell differentiation in various research fields. Recently, microengineering technology has been used to control the size of embryoid bodies and to direct lineage specific differentiation of embryonic stem cells. However, the underlying biology of developmental events in the embryoid bodies of different sizes has not been well elucidated. In this study, embryoid bodies with different sizes were generated within microfabricated PEG microwell arrays, and a series of gene and molecular expressions related to early developmental events was investigated to further elucidate the size-mediated differentiation. The gene and molecular expression profile suggested preferential visceral endoderm formation in 450 μm embryoid bodies and preferential lateral plate mesoderm formation in 150 μm embryoid bodies. These aggregates resulted in higher cardiac differentiation in 450 μm embryoid bodies and higher endothelial differentiation in 150 μm embryoid bodies, respectively. Our findings may provide further insight for understanding embryoid body size-mediated developmental progress.

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Author notes

  1. Hojae Bae

    Present address: College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02118, USA

    Jae Min Cha, Nasser Sadr, Sam Manoucheri, Faramarz Edalat, Keekyoung Kim, Sang Bok Kim & Ali Khademhosseini

  2. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Jae Min Cha, Nasser Sadr, Sam Manoucheri, Faramarz Edalat, Keekyoung Kim, Sang Bok Kim & Ali Khademhosseini

  3. Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Seoul, 135-710, Korea

    Jae Min Cha

  4. Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea

    Hojae Bae, Il Keun Kwon, Yu-Shik Hwang & Ali Khademhosseini

  5. Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Nasser Sadr, Keekyoung Kim & Ali Khademhosseini

  6. Department of Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20131, Italy

    Nasser Sadr

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  1. Jae Min Cha
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Correspondence to Yu-Shik Hwang or Ali Khademhosseini.

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Cha, J.M., Bae, H., Sadr, N. et al. Embryoid body size-mediated differential endodermal and mesodermal differentiation using polyethylene glycol (PEG) microwell array. Macromol. Res. 23, 245–255 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-015-3034-0

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