Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic diversity in the candidate trees of Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel. (Mahua) revealed by inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs)

  • Original Article
  • Published:
3 Biotech Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Madhuca indica provides livelihood to several tribal people in India, where the flowers are used for extraction of sweet juices having multiple applications. Certain trees have more value as judged by the tribal people mainly based on yield and quality performance of the trees, and these trees were selected for the genetic diversity analyses. Genetic diversity of 48 candidate Mahua trees from Etapalli, Dadagaon, and Jawhar, Maharashtra, India, was assessed using ISSR markers. Fourteen ISSR primers revealed a total of 132 polymorphic bands giving overall 92% polymorphism. Genetic diversity, in terms of expected number of alleles (Ne), the observed number of alleles (Na), Nei’s genetic diversity (H), and Shannon’s information index (I) was 1.921, 1.333, 0.211, and 0.337, respectively, and suggested lower genetic diversity. Region wise analysis revealed higher genetic diversity for site Etapalli (H = 0.206) and lowest at Dhadgaon (H = 0.140). Etapalli area possesses higher forest cover than Dhadgaon and Jawhar. Additionally, in Dhadgaon and Jawhar M. indica trees are restricted to field bunds; both reasons might contribute to lower genetic diversity in these regions. The dendrogram and the principal coordinate analyses showed no region-specific clustering. The clustering patterns were supported by AMOVA where higher genetic variance was observed within trees and lower variance among regions. Long-distance dispersal and/or higher human interference might be responsible for low diversity and higher genetic variance within the candidate trees.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aabd NA, Msanda F, Mousadik AE (2015) Genetic diversity of the endangered argan tree (Argania spinosa L.) (sapotaceae) revealed by ISSR analysis. Basic Res J Agri Sci Rev 4:176–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Apte GS, Bahulikar RA, Kulkarni RS, Lagu MD, Kulkarni BG, Suresh HS, Rao PSN, Gupta VS (2006) Genetic diversity analysis in Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. (Ericaceae) from the two biodiversity hotspots in India using ISSR markers. Curr Sci 91(12):1634–1640

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Austerlitz F, Mariette S, Machon N, Gouyon P-H, Godelle B (2000) Effects of colonization processes on genetic diversity: differences between annual plants and tree species. Genetics 154(3):1309–1321

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann K (1994) Molecular markers in plant ecology. New Phytol 126(3):403–418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb04242.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bahulikar RA, Lagu MD, Kulkarni BG, Pandit SS, Suresh HS, Rao MKV, Ranjekar PK, Gupta VS (2004a) Genetic diversity among spatially isolated populations of Eurya nitida Korth. (Theaceae) based on inter-simple sequence repeats. Curr Sci 86(6):824–831

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bahulikar RA, Stanculescu D, Preston CA, Baldwin IT (2004b) ISSR and AFLP analysis of the temporal and spatial population structure of the post-fire annual, Nicotiana attenuata, in SW Utah. BMC Ecol 4:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-4-12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhary A, Bhandari A, Pandurangan A, Koul S (2015) Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel. (Sapotaceae): an overview. Int J Pharma Sci Let 5(2):539–545

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen L, Chen F, He S, Ma L (2014) High genetic diversity and small genetic variation among populations of Magnolia wufengensis (Magnoliaceae), revealed by ISSR and SRAP markers Electron. J Biotechnol 17(6):268–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.08.003

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dai Z-C, Si C-C, Zhai D-L, Huang P, Qi S-S, Zhong Q-X, Hu X, Li H-M, Du D-L (2013) Human impacts on genetic diversity and differentiation in six natural populations of Madhuca hainanensis, an endemic and endangered timber species in China. Biochem Syst Ecol 50:212–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deshpande AU, Apte GS, Bahulikar RA, Lagu MD, Kulkarni BG, Suresh HS, Singh NP, Rao MKV, Gupta VS, Pant A, Ranjekar PK (2001) Genetic diversity across natural populations of three montane plant species from the Western Ghats, India revealed by intersimple sequence repeats. Mol Ecol 10(10):2397–2408. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01379.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gavankar R, Chemburkar M (2016) Genetic analysis of Madhuca longifolia (J. Koenig ex L.) JF Macbr. using RAPD markers. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 5(8):608–615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghadge SV, Raheman H (2005) Biodiesel production from mahua (Madhuca indica) oil having high free fatty acids. Biomass Bioenergy 28(6):601–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2004.11.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gienapp P, Teplitsky C, Alho J, Mills J, Merilä J (2008) Climate change and evolution: disentangling environmental and genetic responses. Mol Ecol 17(1):167–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hammer Ø, Harper DAT, Ryan PD (2001) Past: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electronica 4(1):4–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J (1975) Incompatibility and the pollen-stigma interaction. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 26(1):403–425

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holsinger KE, Weir BS (2009) Genetics in geographically structured populations: defining, estimating and interpreting F(ST). Nat Rev Genet 10(9):639–650. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Idris AE, Hamza NB, Yagoub SO, Ibrahim AIA, El-Amin HKA (2012) Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes diversity study by utilization of Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 6(10):42–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi SP, Ranjekar PK, Gupta VS (1999) Molecular markers in plant genome analysis. Curr Sci 77(2):230–241

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kulkarni PS, Sharanappa G, Ramesh MR (2013) Mahua (Madhuca indica) as a source of biodiesel in India. Int J Eng Res Appl 4(7):2319–2329

    Google Scholar 

  • Morikawa M, Muto T, Santos-Guerrra A, Kondo K (2014) Identifying, discriminating and isolating cultivars of ‘Marguerites’ originated from Argyranthemum frutescens parentages and their intergeneric and interspecific hybridities by DNA markers amplified by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat). Chromosome Bot 9:97–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee AK, Ratha S, Dhar S, Debata AK, Acharya PK, Mandal S, Panda PC, Mahapatra AK (2010) Genetic relationships among 22 taxa of bamboo revealed by ISSR and EST-based random primers. Biochem Genet 48(11–12):1015–1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-010-9390-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murray MG, Thompson WF (1980) Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 8(19):4321–4325. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagaraju J, Kathirvel M, Kumar RR, Siddiq EA, Hasnain SE (2002) Genetic analysis of traditional and evolved Basmati and non-Basmati rice varieties by using fluorescence-based ISSR-PCR and SSR markers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99(9):5836–5841. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.042099099

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naik D, Singh D, Vartak V, Paranjpe S, Bhargava S (2009) Assessment of morphological and genetic diversity in Gmelina arborea Roxb. New Forest 38(1):99–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-009-9134-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nybom H (2004) Comparison of different nuclear DNA markers for estimating intraspecific genetic diversity in plants. Mol Ecol 13(5):1143–1155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nybom H, Bartish IV (2000) Effects of life history traits and sampling strategies on genetic diversity estimates obtained with RAPD markers in plants. Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst 3(2):93–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nybom H, Weising K, Rotter B (2014) DNA fingerprinting in botany: past, present, future. Investig Genet 5:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palme AE, Semerikov V, Lascoux M (2003) Absence of geographical structure of chloroplast DNA variation in sallow. Salix caprea L. Heredity (Edinb) 91(5):465–474. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel M, Naik SN (2010) Flowers of Madhuca indica, present status and future prospective. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 1(4):438–443

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel PK, Prajapati NK, Dubey BK (2012) Madhuca indica: a review of its medicinal property. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 3(5):1285–1293

    Google Scholar 

  • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol Ecol Notes 6(1):288–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2012) GenAlEx 65: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research—an update. Bioinformatics 28(19):2537–2539. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarwat M, Das S, Srivastava PS (2011) Estimation of genetic diversity and evaluation of relatedness through molecular markers among medicinally important trees: terminalia arjuna, T. chebula and T. bellerica. Mol Biol Rep 38(8):5025–5036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Molecular Biol Evol 30(12):2725–2729. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wani MS, Wani A, Mughal A (2015) Estimation of divergence to genetic variation in half-sib families of Madhuca indica GMEL. Under greenhouse and open field environmental conditions. Indian J Agr Sci 141(1):35–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeh FC, Yang RC, Boyle T, Ye ZH, Mao JX (1999) POPGENE, version 1.32: the user friendly software for population genetic analysis. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank Lilesh Chavan, Nana Pawara and Giri Gurudas from BISLD, Nasik, India, for their field support. Authors also thank Dr. Monali Rahalkar (Agharkar Research Institute, Pune) for critical reading suggestions for improvement of the manuscript.

Funding

Received funding for Maharashtra Gene Bank project from Rajiv Gandhi Science and Technology Commission, Mumbai and IISER Pune, India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. BAIF Development Research Foundation, Central Research Station, Urulikanchan, Tq. Haveli, Dist., Pune, Maharashtra, 412 202, India

    S. D. Nimbalkar, S. S. Jade, V. K. Kauthale, S. Agale & R. A. Bahulikar

Authors
  1. S. D. Nimbalkar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. S. Jade
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. V. K. Kauthale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Agale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. R. A. Bahulikar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

SDN, VKK, and SA gave technical guidance and were involved in documentation, identification, and collection of plant samples. SSJ and RAB executed the laboratory experiments and RAB interpreted and wrote the draft manuscript. All the authors scrutinized and reviewed the manuscript, and approved the final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. A. Bahulikar.

Ethics declarations

In present work, human participation was limited to identification of plants by local tribal people and, therefore, formal consent was not required.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 18 kb)

13205_2018_1168_MOESM2_ESM.jpg

Supplementary material 2 (JPEG 132 kb) Fig. 1 Map of Maharashtra, India showing sampling locations of candidate trees of Madhuca indica

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nimbalkar, S.D., Jade, S.S., Kauthale, V.K. et al. Genetic diversity in the candidate trees of Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel. (Mahua) revealed by inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs). 3 Biotech 8, 143 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-018-1168-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-018-1168-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation