Abstract
In this study, we investigated inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite semiconductor and tested its application in photovoltaics. Highly crystalline material was synthesized by two different approaches, including a high temperature route and a low temperature method. Inorganic-polymer hybrid solar cells based on solution-deposited layers of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals were successfully fabricated in ambient, with and without post treatments. The solar cells employing nanocrystals with short ligands, obtained from low temperature route, outperformed the devices with long ligands. The devices exhibited an efficiency up to 1.16%, with an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.87 V, a fill factor of 56.2% and a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 2.38 mA/cm2.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akkerman QA, D’Innocenzo V, Accornero S, Scarpellini A, Petrozza A, Prato M, Manna L (2015) Tuning the optical properties of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals by anion exchange reactions. J Am Chem Soc 137:10276–10281. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b05602
Akkerman QA et al (2016) Strongly emissive perovskite nanocrystal inks for high-voltage solar cells Nature. Energy 2:16194. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.194
Bai S, Yuan ZC, Gao F (2016) Colloidal metal halide perovskite nanocrystals: synthesis, characterization, and applications. J Mater Chem C 4:3898–3904. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5tc04116c
Bekenstein Y, Koscher BA, Eaton SW, Yang P, Alivisatos AP (2015) Highly luminescent colloidal nanoplates of perovskite cesium lead halide and their oriented assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 137:16008–16011. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b11199
Bernechea M, Miller NC, Xercavins G, So D, Stavrinadis A, Konstantatos G (2016) Solution-processed solar cells based on environmentally friendly AgBiS2 nanocrystals. Nat Photonics 10:521–525. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2016.108
Burda C, Chen X, Narayanan R, El-Sayed MA (2005) Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. Chem Rev 105:1025–1102. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr030063a
de Mello Donega C (2011) Synthesis and properties of colloidal heteronanocrystals. Chem Soc Rev 40:1512–1546. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00055h
Eck M, Krueger M (2014) Polymer–nanocrystal hybrid solar cells. In: Brabec C, Scherf U, Dyakonov V (eds) Organic photovoltaics: materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, KGaA, Weinheim, pp 171–207. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527656912.ch06
Eperon GE, Paterno GM, Sutton RJ, Zampetti A, Haghighirad AA, Cacialli F, Snaith HJ (2015) Inorganic caesium lead iodide perovskite solar cells. J Mater Chem A 3:19688–19695. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA06398A
Im SH et al (2011) Toward interaction of sensitizer and functional moieties in hole-transporting materials for efficient semiconductor-sensitized solar cells. Nano Lett 11:4789–4793. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl2026184
Kulbak M, Cahen D, Hodes G (2015) How important is the organic part of lead halide perovskite photovoltaic cells? Efficient CsPbBr 3 cells. J Phys Chem Lett 6:2452–2456. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00968
Li GR et al (2016) Highly efficient perovskite nanocrystal light-emitting diodes enabled by a universal crosslinking method. Adv Mater 28:3528. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600064
Liao JF, Li WG, Rao HS, Chen BX, Wang XD, Chen HY, Kuang DB (2017) Inorganic cesium lead halide CsPbX3 nanowires for long-term stable solar cells. Sci China Mater 60:285–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9014-9
Liu D et al (2017) Flexible all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 nonvolatile memory device. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9:6171–6176. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b15149
Martin AG, Yoshihiro H, Ewan DD, Dean HL, Jochen HE, Anita WYHB (2018) Solar cell efficiency tables (version 51). Prog Photovolt Res Appl 26:3–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2978
Nedelcu G, Protesescu L, Yakunin S, Bodnarchuk MI, Grotevent MJ, Kovalenko MV (2015) Fast anion-exchange in highly luminescent nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I). Nano Lett 15:5635–5640. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02404
Park JP, Lee TK, Kwak SK, Kim SW (2017) Formation of bright-green-color-emitting perovskite CsPbBr3 in a bulk state using a simple recrystallization process. Dyes Pigm 144:151–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.05.025
Protesescu L et al (2015) Nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX(3), X = Cl, Br, and I): novel optoelectronic materials showing bright emission with wide color gamut. Nano Lett 15:3692–3696. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl5048779
Ramasamy P, Lim DH, Kim B, Lee SH, Lee MS, Lee JS (2016) All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals for photodetector applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 52:2067–2070. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cc08643d
Ravi VK, Swarnkar A, Chakraborty R, Nag A (2016) Excellent green but less impressive blue luminescence from CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocubes and nanoplatelets. Nanotechnology 27:325708. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/32/325708
Song J, Li J, Li X, Xu L, Dong Y, Zeng H (2015) Quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on inorganic perovskite cesium lead halides (CsPbX3). Adv Mater 27:7162–7167. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201502567
Stoumpos CC et al (2013) Crystal growth of the perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr3: a new material for high-energy radiation detection. Cryst Growth Des 13:2722–2727. https://doi.org/10.1021/cg400645t
Swarnkar A, Chulliyil R, Ravi VK, Irfanullah M, Chowdhury A, Nag A (2015) Colloidal CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals: luminescence beyond traditional quantum dots. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 54:15424–15428. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201508276
Swarnkar A et al (2016) Quantum dot-induced phase stabilization of alpha-CsPbI3 perovskite for high-efficiency photovoltaics. Science 354:92–95. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2700
Waleed A et al (2017) Inorganic cesium lead iodide perovskite nanowires with stabilized cubic phase at room temperature and nanowire array-based photodetectors. All Nano Lett 17:4951–4957. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02101
Yakunin S et al (2015) Low-threshold amplified spontaneous emission and lasing from colloidal nanocrystals of caesium lead halide perovskites. Nat Commun 6:8056. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9056
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51502313), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. LY16E020006), Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Plan (No. 2018C01047). In addition, K.U. would also like to acknowledge the financial contribution for his research work supported by CAS-TWAS President’s fellowship.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Usman, K., Ming, S., Liu, X. et al. The study of colloidal lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals and its application in hybrid solar cells. Appl Nanosci 8, 715–721 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0744-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0744-6