Abstract
Endophytic fungi (EPF) are an important contributor to fungal diversity. It is surmised that EPF colonizing plant roots have high diversity. This study aimed to alleviate the scarcity of information regarding EPF in tropical forests, by isolationg and identifying EPF from a tropical forests in Indonesia. Soils were collected from five forests: (1) Tectona grandis monoculture; (2) Swietenia macrophylla monoculture; (3) Gmelina sp., Artocarpus champeden, Dipterocarp mixed; (4) Dipterocarp primary; (5) Macaranga sp. secondary. Four trees (Calliandra calothyrsus, Paraserianthes falcataria, Sesbania grandiflora, and Cassia siamea) and three crops (Sorghum bicolor, Allium fistulosum, and Trifolium repens) were grown in the forest soils to trap EPF. EPF were isolated from roots and isolation rates were calculated. Based on the isolation rates, P. falcataria and S. bicolor were chosen and grown again in forest soils. EPF were isolated and identified by their rDNA ITS1 region. Twelve and 21 EPF were isolated from 250 roots of P. falcataria and 300 roots of S. bicolor, respectively. Identified EPF were from genera Acrocalymma, Fusarium, Tolypocladium, Penicillium, Talaromyces, Exophiala, Dictyosporium, Pseudochaetosphaeronema, Mariannaea, Trichoderma, and Mycoleptodiscus. Acrocalymma, Tolypocladium, Penicillium, Exophiala, Pseudochaetosphaeronema, Mariannaea, and Mycoleptodiscus spp. were isolated from only one forest. Fusarium, Talaromyces, and Trichoderma spp. were isolated from more than one forest. The numbers of EPF isolated from Gmelina sp., Artocarpus champeden, Dipterocarp mixed forest, and Macaranga sp. secondary forest were higher than those from other forests, suggesting that different plant species in forests affect the root EPF community.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Dr. Handojo Hadi Nurjanto and Dr. Widiyatno (Universitas Gadjah Mada) for help in gaining access to forest sites in Java Island. We are also grateful to Balai Penelitian Teknologi Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam (BPTKSDA) in Samboja for providing access to forest sites in Kalimantan Island and help in soil collection. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number No. JP15H05246 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), INPEX, and Hashiya Scholarship Foundation.
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Maulana, A.F., Turjaman, M., Sato, T. et al. Isolation of endophytic fungi from tropical forest in Indonesia. Symbiosis 76, 151–162 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-018-0542-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-018-0542-7