Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Purple head broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck), a functional food crop for antioxidant and anticancer potential

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Food Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Natural foods are used in many folks and household treatments and have immense potential to treat a serious complication and health benefits, in addition to the basic nutritional values. These food products improve health, delay the aging process, increase life expectancy, and possibly prevent chronic diseases. Purple head Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck is one of such foods and in current studies was explored for chemical compounds at different development stages by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antioxidant potential was explored employing different assays like molybdate ion reduction, DPPH, superoxide anion radical scavenging and plasmid nicking assay. Inspired by antioxidant activity results, we further explored these extracts for antiproliferative potential by morphological changes, cell cycle analysis, measurement of intracellular peroxides and mitochondrial membrane potential changes. Current study provides the scientific basis for the use of broccoli as easily affordable potent functional food.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

PVS:

Palam Vichitra seeds

PV3:

Palam Vichitra 3 day sprout

PV5:

Palam Vichitra 5 day sprout

PV7:

Palam Vichitra 7 day sprout

PVL:

Palam Vichitra leaves

PVF:

Palam Vichitra floret

References

  • Abdulah R, Faried A, Kobayashi K, Yamazaki C, Suradji EW, Ito K, Koyama H (2009) Selenium enrichment of broccoli sprout extract increases chemosensitivity and apoptosis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. BMC Cancer 9:414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachiega P, Salgado JM, de Carvalho JE, Ruiz ALT, Schwarz K, Tezotto T, Morzelle MC (2016) Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in different maturation stages of broccoli (Brassica oleracea Italica) biofortified with selenium. Food Chem 190:771–776

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhushan S, Kumar A, Malik F, Andotra SS, Sethi VK, Kaur IP, Taneja SC, Qazi GN, Singh J (2007) A triterpenediol from Boswellia serrata induces apoptosis through both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Apoptosis 12:1911–1926

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bidchol AM, Wilfred A, Abhijna P, Harish R (2011) Free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Brassica oleracea L. var. italica. Food Bioprocess Technol 4:1137–1143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blois MS (1958) Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181:1199–1200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhary A, Sharma U, Vig AP, Singh B, Arora S (2014) Free radical scavenging, antiproliferative activities and profiling of variations in the level of phytochemicals in different parts of broccoli (Brassica oleracea italica). Food Chem 148:373–380

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chiang WC, Pusateri DJ, Leitz RE (1998) Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the determination of sulforaphane and sulforaphane nitrile in broccoli. J Agric Food Chem 46:1018–1021

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ciska E, Martyniak-Przybyszewska B, Kozlowska H (2000) Content of glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables grown at the same site for two years under different climatic conditions. J Agric Food Chem 48:2862–2867

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng S, Yuan H, Yi J, Lu Y, Wei Q, Guo C, He Z (2013) Gossypol acetic acid induces apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells via a caspase-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway. J Vet Sci 14:281–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Espín JC, García-Conesa MT, Tomás-Barberán FA (2007) Nutraceuticals: facts and fiction. Phytochemistry 68:2986–3008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farag MA, Motaal AAA (2010) Sulforaphane composition, cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of crucifer vegetables. J Adv Res 1:65–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gülçin I, Küfrevioǧlu Öİ, Oktay M, Büyükokuroǧlu ME (2004) Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Urtica dioica L.). J Ethnopharmacol 90:205–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta P, Kim B, Kim SH, Srivastava SK (2014) Molecular targets of isothiocyanates in cancer: recent advances. Mol Nutr Food Res 58:1685–1707

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hu X, Zhang X, Qiu S, Yu D, Lin S (2010) Salidroside induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 398:62–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SH, Wu LW, Huang AC, Yu CC, Lien JC, Huang YP, Yang JS, Yang JH, Hsiao YP, Wood WG, Yu CS, Chung JG (2012) Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human melanoma A375.S2 cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and both mitochondria-dependent and death receptor-mediated multiple signaling pathways. J Agric Food Chem 60:665–675

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang JH, Lim SB (2015) Antioxidant and anticancer activities of broccoli by-products from different cultivars and maturity stages at harvest. Prev Nutr Sci 20:8–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jang HW, Moon JK, Shibamoto T (2015) Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) Sprouts. J Agric Food Chem 63:1169–1174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jirovetz L, Smith D, Buchbauer G (2002) Aroma compound analysis of Eruca sativa (Brassicaceae) SPME headspace leaf samples using GC, GC–MS, and olfactometry. J Agric Food Chem 50:4643–4646

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur C, Kumar K, Anil D, Kapoor HC (2007) Variations in antioxidant activity in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) cultivars. J Food Biochem 31:621–638

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur T, Bhat HA, Raina A, Koul S, Vyas D (2013) Glutathione regulates enzymatic antioxidant defence with differential thiol content in perennial pepperweed and helps adapting to extreme environment. Acta Physiol Plant 35:2501–2511

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kello M, Drutovic D, Chripkova M, Pilatova M, Budovska M, Kulikova L, Urdzik P, Mojzis J (2014) ROS-dependent antiproliferative effect of brassinin derivative homobrassinin in human colorectal cancer Caco2 cells. Molecules 19:10877–10897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keum YS, Jeong WS, Kong AN (2005) Chemopreventive functions of isothiocyanates. Drug News Perspect 18:445–451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim YS, Milner JA (2005) Targets for indole-3-carbinol in cancer prevention. J Nutr Biochem 16:65–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JC, Kim HR, Kim J, Jang YS (2002) Antioxidant property of an Ethanol extract of the stem of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. J Agric Food Chem 50:6490–6496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manson MM, Farmer PB, Gescher A, Steward WP (2005) Innovative agents in cancer prevention. In: Senn H-J, Morant R (eds) Tumor prevention and genetics III. Springer, Berlin, pp 257–275

  • Miyata T (2007) Pharmacological basis of traditional medicines and health supplements as curatives. J Pharmacol Sci 103:127–131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moreno DA, Carvajal M, López-Berenguer C, García-Viguera C (2006) Chemical and biological characterisation of nutraceutical compounds of broccoli. J Pharm Biomed Anal 41:1508–1522

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park HS, Han MH, Kim GY, Moon SK, Kim WJ, Hwang HJ, Park KY, Choi YH (2014) Sulforaphane induces reactive oxygen species-mediated mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis in human bladder cancer 5637 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 64:157–165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M (1999) Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Anal Biochem 269:337–341

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prior RL, Wu X, Schaich K (2005) Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. J Agric Food Chem 53:4290–4302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qian Y, Guan T, Huang M, Cao L, Li Y, Cheng H, Jin H, Yu D (2012) Neuroprotection by the soy isoflavone, genistein, via inhibition of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathways and reactive oxygen induced-NF-κB activation in a cerebral ischemia mouse model. Neurochem Int 60:759–767

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma G, Prakash D, Gupta C, Prakash D, Sharma G (2014) Phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance: do they defend against diseases? In: Parkash D, Sharma G (eds) Phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance. Amity University, Uttar Pardesh, pp 1–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Talalay P, Fahey JW (2001) Phytochemicals from cruciferous plants protect against cancer by modulating carcinogen metabolism. J Nutr 131:3027–3033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang L, Zhang Y, Jobson HE, Li J, Stephenson KK, Wade KL, Fahey JW (2006) Potent activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and arrest in S and M phases of cancer cells by a broccoli sprout extract. Mol Cancer Ther 5:935–944

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verkerk R, Schreiner M, Krumbein A, Ciska E, Holst B, Rowland I, De Schrijver R, Hansen M, Gerhäuser C, Richard Mithen R, Dekker M (2009) Glucosinolates in Brassica vegetables: the influence of the food supply chain on intake, bioavailability and human health. Mol Nutr Food Res 53:219

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support received from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi (38(1193)/08/EMR-П) and CEPEPA (UGC). The authors are also grateful to Director, CSIR-IHBT-Palampur for providing GC–MS facilities.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Ashun Chaudhary

    Present address: Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP, 176 061, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India

    Ashun Chaudhary, Adarsh Pal Vig & Saroj Arora

  2. Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP, 176 061, India

    Upendra Sharma & Bikram Singh

  3. Department of Botany, College of Basic Sciences and Humanity, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India

    Sonika Choudhary

Authors
  1. Ashun Chaudhary
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sonika Choudhary
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Upendra Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Adarsh Pal Vig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Bikram Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Saroj Arora
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ashun Chaudhary or Saroj Arora.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 3041 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chaudhary, A., Choudhary, S., Sharma, U. et al. Purple head broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck), a functional food crop for antioxidant and anticancer potential. J Food Sci Technol 55, 1806–1815 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3095-0

Download citation

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3095-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation