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Characterization and Photo-Induced Electrocatalytic Evaluation for BiVO4 Films Obtained by the SILAR Process

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Abstract

BiVO4 is an important semiconductor material that can be applied as a photoanode in several electrochemical systems, using the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum as an excitation source to charge carrier generation. However, due to the unfavorable charge carrier recombination process, which is an intrinsic property of semiconductor materials, alternative conditions of synthesis and different electrode architecture are fundamental to improving their photoelectrocatalytic activity. In this paper, the construction of a photoanode using BiVO4 films with the monoclinic crystalline structure was successfully obtained by a quick and low-cost process: the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR). The characterization of electrodes (5, 10, and 15 SILAR-deposited layers), which was carried out by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy diffuse reflectance techniques, showed the efficiency of the SILAR process in the construction and architecture of the FTO/BiVO4 electrode. The FTO/BiVO4 photoanodes constructed have exhibited interesting photoelectrochemical responses, such as high photocurrent density (jph), low resistance to charge transfer (Rct), and high charge carrier density (ND). The photocurrent value obtained for a 5-layer film was 1.95 mA cm−2, twice as large than a 10-layer film (0.97 mA cm−2) and three times greater than a 15-layer film (0.61 mA cm−2). The resistance-to-charge transfer values are in good agreement with the photocurrent density values, where the 5-layer film presented the Rct value of 0.15 kΩ, lower than the other obtained electrodes. Regarding the rhodamine b (RhB) photoelectrodegradation reaction, all electrodes showed good photoelectrocatalytic activity as evidenced by pseudo-first order kinetics constant (kobs) values.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank LMEM-UEL, LARXUEL, and LABSPEC-UEL for the SEM, XRD, and Raman analyses. The two anonymous reviewers are also thanked for constructive criticism of an earlier manuscript version.

Funding

The authors were financially supported by CNPq (Process 406459/2016-9), Fundação Araucária (PROT. 38.647 SIT.22391), and INCT in Bioanalytics (FAPESP grant no. 2014/50867-3 and CNPq grant no. 465389/2014-7).

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  1. Engineering College, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Bauru, SP, Brazil

    Marcelo Rodrigues da Silva Pelissari

  2. Department of Physics, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Bauru, SP, Brazil

    Nilton Francelosi Azevedo Neto

  3. Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina – UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil

    Luan Pereira Camargo & Luiz Henrique Dall’Antonia

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Pelissari, M.R.d., Azevedo Neto, N.F., Camargo, L.P. et al. Characterization and Photo-Induced Electrocatalytic Evaluation for BiVO4 Films Obtained by the SILAR Process. Electrocatalysis 12, 211–224 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-021-00641-2

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