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Multiple Applications of Enzymes Induced by Algal Biomasses from a New Bacillus Isolate to Saccharify Algae and Degrade Chemical Dyes

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Abstract

To find a multifunctional lignocellulolytic enzyme-producing strain, ten bacterial isolates from paper mill wastewater were tested for their carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrolytic ability. Bacillus sp. TPF-1, which exhibits the highest hydrolytic ability, was selected to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes using various biomass types as carbon sources. The highest CMCase (9.12 U/mL) and xylanase (102.55 U/mL) activities were obtained by green algae, and the maximum laccase activity (7037.28 U/L) was induced by Sargassum fusiforme. CMCase and xylanase showed the highest activities at 55 and 50 °C, respectively, with the same optimum pH of 5.4. The laccase exhibited optimum temperature of 40 °C and retained 60% more activity at 80 °C in extreme acid conditions (pH 2.2). To explore the multiple applications of these enzymes, crude enzymes induced by green algae were used to saccharify untreated algae. The reducing sugar produced by crude enzymes and commercial cellulase was 23 and 14% higher than that of the control, respectively, and it was 48% higher using crude enzymes with commercial cellulase (72 h). Additionally, the laccase induced by S. fusiforme was tested to decolorize two chemical dyes under an acidic condition (pH 2.2). The highest decolorization rates were 56.13 and 62.14% for Coomassie brilliant blue R-250 and Congo Red, respectively, in the presence of hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support from BioFuelNet Canada, Lakehead University, National Special Fund for Forestry Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (Grant No. 201504406), Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Grant No. 15KJA220004), and Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China

    Yanwen Wu & Jinchi Zhang

  2. Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada

    Yanwen Wu, Haipeng Guo, Xuantong Chen & Wensheng Qin

  3. School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China

    Haipeng Guo

  4. College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China

    Mingjiang Wu

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Wu, Y., Guo, H., Zhang, J. et al. Multiple Applications of Enzymes Induced by Algal Biomasses from a New Bacillus Isolate to Saccharify Algae and Degrade Chemical Dyes. Waste Biomass Valor 10, 2517–2526 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0277-y

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