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Response of Hippocampal Neurons and Glial Cells to Alternating Magnetic Field in Gerbils Submitted to Global Cerebral Ischemia

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to an extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF, 50 Hz) affects the outcome of postischemic damage in the hippocampus of Mongolian gerbils. After 10-min bilateral carotid occlusion, the gerbils were continuously exposed to ELF-MF (average magnetic induction at the center of the cage was 0.5 mT) for 7 days. The impact of ELF-MF was estimated immediately (the 7th day after reperfusion) and 7 days after cessation of exposure (the 14th day after reperfusion) compared with ischemic gerbils without ELF-MF exposure. Applying stereological methods, histological evaluation of changes in the hippocampus was done for determining its volume, volume densities of degenerating neurons and astrocytes, as well as the number of microglial cells per unit area. ELF-MF per se did not induce any morphological changes, while 10-min global cerebral ischemia led to neuronal death, especially in CA1 region of the hippocampus, as expected. Ischemic gerbils exposed to ELF-MF had significantly a lower degree of cell loss in the examined structure and greater responses of astrocytes and microglial cells than postischemic gerbils without exposure on the seventh day after reperfusion (immediate effect of ELF-MF). Similar response was observed on the 14th day after reperfusion (delayed effect of ELF-MF); however, differences in measured parameters were low and insignificant. Applied ELF-MF has possible neuroprotective function in the hippocampus, as the most sensitive brain structure in the model of global cerebral ischemia, through reduction of neuronal death and activation of astrocytes and microglial cells.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia (Grant No. 173027) and MMA Grant (VMA/06-10/B.4). The authors are grateful to Dr. Spomenko Mihajlović (Department of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, Sector for Geodetic Works, Republic Geodetic Authority, Republic of Serbia) for providing geomagnetic activity data. Also, we would like to thank Danijela Savić for generous help with Iba1-immunostaining method and image analysis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Snežana Rauš, Milica Manojlović-Stojanoski, Zlatko Prolić & Branka Janać

  2. Institute for Medical Research, MMA, Crnotravska 17, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vesna Selaković

  3. Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, P.O. Box 52, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Lidija Radenović

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  1. Snežana Rauš
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  2. Vesna Selaković
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Correspondence to Snežana Rauš.

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Rauš, S., Selaković, V., Manojlović-Stojanoski, M. et al. Response of Hippocampal Neurons and Glial Cells to Alternating Magnetic Field in Gerbils Submitted to Global Cerebral Ischemia. Neurotox Res 23, 79–91 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-012-9333-8

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