Abstract
Sarcoptic mange infestation is one of the major constrains in commercial rabbit rearing due to their ability to produce negative impact on the growth rates and feed conversion efficiency. Ten adult rabbits presented with the history of anorexia, pruritis and crusty lesion in ear, face and legs were selected for the study. Skin scraping examination revealed presence of Sarcoptes scabiei. The subcutaneous administration of single dose long acting injectable Ivermectin (3.15% w/v) formulation at a dose rate of 700 mcg/kg body weight was found to be safe, effective and less time consuming for the management of Sarcoptic mange in naturally infested rabbits. The skin scrapings collected from all the rabbits under study on days 14 and 28 were negative on both instances indicating rapid elimination of S. scabiei with a single dose of long acting ivermectin. No relapse of infestation was observed in any of the rabbits under treatment during the 6 month observation period following the treatment.
References
Alvinerie M, Sutra JF, Galtier P (1993) Ivermectin in goat plasma and milk after subcutaneous injection. Vet Res 24(5):417–421
Alvinerie M, Escudero E, Sutra JF, Eeckhoutte C, Galtier P (1998) The pharmacokinetics of moxidectin after oral and subcutaneous administration to sheep. Vet Res 29(2):113–118
Arends JJ, Skogerboe TL, Ritzhaupt LK (1999) Persistent efficacy of doramectin and ivermectin against experimental infestations of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in swine. Vet Parasitol 82(1):71–79
Bhardwaj RK, Ahmad Mir I, Ahmad O, Kumar A, Wahid A, Bhardwaj D (2012) An outbreak of mange in rabbits. Indian Vet J 89(12):78
Darzi MM, Mir MS, Shahardar RA, Pandit BA (2007) Clinico-pathological, histochemical and therapeutic studies on concurrent sarcoptic and notoedric acariosis in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Veterinarski arhiv 77(2):167–175
Davies PR, Moore MJ, Pointon AM (1991) Seasonality of sarcoptic mange in pigs in South Australia. Aust Vet J 68(12):390–392
Gokbulut C, Biligili A, Kart A, Turgut C (2010) Plasma dispositions of ivermectin, doramectin and moxidectin following subcutaneous administration in rabbits. Lab Anim 44(2):138–142
Kachhawa JP, Kachhawaha S, Srivastava M, Chahar A, Singh NK (2013) Therapeutic management of scabies in rabbits. Intas Polivet 14(2):306–309
Kumar A, Kumar R, Archana, Kumari N (2018a) A successful treatment report on rabbits infected with sarcoptic mange. Pharma Innov J 7(2):1–3
Kumar M, Nath A, Debbarma S, Bhattacharjee S, Monsang S, Bijwal D, Raghavan S (2018b) Comparative curative efficacy of ivermectin and ivermectin with vitamin supplementation treatment against naturally infested Sarcoptes scabiei Mite in rabbits: a retrospective study. Int J Livest Res 8(12):82–86
Lifschitz A, Virkel G, Ballent M, Sallovitz J, Imperiale F, Pis A, Lanusse C (2007) Ivermectin (3.15%) long-acting formulations in cattle: absorption pattern and pharmacokinetic considerations. Vet Parasitol 147(3–4):303–310
McCarthy JS, Kemp DJ, Walton SF, Currie BJ (2004) Scabies: more than just an irritation. Postgrad Med J 80(945):382–387
Nazir T, Katoch R, Yadav A, Godara R (2016) Comparative efficacy of pour-on eprinomectin and ivermectin against Sarcoptes scabiei in buffaloes. J Parasit Dis 40(2):359–361
Omshi FSH, Abbasalipourkabir R, Abbasalipourkabir M, Nabyan S, Bashiri A, Ghafourikhosroshahi A (2018) Effect of vitamin A and vitamin C on attenuation of ivermectin-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(29):29408–29417
Panigrahi PN, Mohanty BN, Gupta AR, Patra RC, Dey S (2016) Concurrent infestation of Notoedres, Sarcoptic and Psoroptic acariosis in rabbit and its management. J Parasit Dis 40(3):1091–1093
Prakash MA, Soundararajan C, Nagarajan K, Gnanaraj PT, Saravanakumar VR (2017) Sarcoptic mange infestation in rabbits in an organized farm at Tamil Nadu. J Parasit Dis 41(2):429–432
Reddy CBK, Kumari KN, Sundar NS, Kumar NV (2016) Otitis externa associated with scabies and its zoonotic importance. Int J Sci Environ Technol 5(6):4370–4374
Scott DW, Miller WH, Griffin GE (2001) Dermatosis of pet rodents, rabbits and ferrets. Muller and kirks small animal dermatology. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 1448–1449
Singh B, Gupta D, Tiwari A, Shukla PC (2017) Therapeutic management of sarcoptic mange in rabbit: a case report. Glob J Bio-Sci Biotechnol 6(2):398–399
Soulsby EJL (1982) Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals, 7th edn. Bailliere Tindall, London
Voyvoda H, Ulutas B, Eren H, Karagenc T, Bayramli G (2005) Use of doramectin for treatment of sarcoptic mange in five Angora rabbits. Vet Dermatol 16(4):285–288
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
KS: Conceived and designed the analysis, collected the data, performed the analysis, and written the manuscript. SA: Collected the data, performed the analysis. SAS: Conceived and designed the analysis, collected the data. SP: Conceived and designed the analysis.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was conducted in clinical cases of Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in rabbits presented to Veterinary Polyclinic, Mannarkkad, Palakkad and does not require any permission from animal ethics committee. All protocols followed were as per the guidelines from the standard textbooks in Veterinary Medicine and were ethical.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sharun, K., Anjana, S., Sidhique, S.A. et al. Treatment of Sarcoptic mange infestation in rabbits with long acting injectable ivermectin. J Parasit Dis 43, 733–736 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-019-01137-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-019-01137-z