Abstract
Based on gravity frequency shift effect predicted by general relativity theory, this study discusses an approach for determining the gravity potential (geopotential) difference between arbitrary two points P and Q by remote comparison of two precise optical clocks via optical fiber frequency transfer. After synchronization, by measuring the signal’s frequency shift based upon the comparison of bidirectional frequency signals from P and Q oscillators connected with two optical atomic clocks via remote optical fiber frequency transfer technique, the geopotential difference between the two points could be determined, and its accuracy depends on the stabilities of the optical clocks and the frequency transfer comparison technique. Due to the fact that the present stability of optical clocks achieves 1.6×10−18 and the present frequency transfer comparison via optical fiber provides stabilities as high as 10−19 level, this approach is prospective to determine geopotential difference with an equivalent accuracy of 1.5 cm. In addition, since points P and Q are quite arbitrary, this approach may provide an alternative way to determine the geopotential over a continent, and prospective potential to unify a regional height datum system.
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Acknowledgements
We sincerely thank three anonymous reviewers, who’s valuable comments and suggestions greatly improved the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41631072, 41721003, 41574007, and 41429401), the Discipline Innovative Engineering Plan of Modern Geodesy and Geodynamics (No. B17033), the DAAD Thematic Network Project (No. 57173947), and the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) 2017–2019. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-018-0834-0.
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Shen, Z., Shen, WB., Peng, Z. et al. Formulation of Determining the Gravity Potential Difference Using Ultra-High Precise Clocks via Optical Fiber Frequency Transfer Technique. J. Earth Sci. 30, 422–428 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-018-0834-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-018-0834-0