Abstract
Isolated cleft palate without cleft lip is a rare deformity. Cleft lip and cleft palate can sometimes develop in combination with a syndrome due to genetic causes. Affected patients have morbidity through life from birth and experience comprehensive treatment for such clefts including surgery. It is extremely rare that the untreated clefts are found during routine cadaveric dissection, since many patients have treatment for clefts in developed countries. Herein, we present a case of an untreated incomplete isolated cleft palate on the right side of the maxilla. An oronasal fistula was found in the same location as the missing right maxillary lateral incisor, and the soft palate was considerably intruding into the hard palate but without penetration into the nasal cavity. The right incisivus labii superioris muscle forming the oral vestibule was incompletely torn with two fistulae. An incomplete bony defect was found on the right maxilla without oronasal or oroantral fistula. This paper may contribute to evaluating the disturbed site of the incomplete isolated cleft palate with no treatment.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
12 March 2019
In the original publication, the given name and family name of the last author was incorrectly published. The correct given name and family name should be “R. Shane” and “Tubbs”.
References
Al Omari F, Al-Omari IK (2004) Cleft lip and palate in Jordan: birth prevalence rate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 41:609–612. https://doi.org/10.1597/03-034.1
Burg ML, Chai Y, Yao CA et al (2016) Epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of isolated cleft palate. Front Physiol 7:1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00067
Henry BM, Vikse J, Pekala P et al (2018) Consensus guidelines for the uniform reporting of study ethics in anatomical research within the framework of the anatomical quality assurance (AQUA) checklist. Clin Anat 31:521–524. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.23069
Iwanaga J, Watanabe K, Schmidt CK et al (2017) Anatomical study and comprehensive review of the incisivus labii superioris muscle: application to lip and cosmetic surgery. Cureus 9:e1689. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.1689
Iwanaga J, Kido J, Lipski M et al (2018) Anatomical study of the palatine aponeurosis: application to posterior palatal seal of the complete maxillary denture. Surg Radiol Anat 40:179–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-017-1911-2
Lambrecht JT, Kreusch T, Schulz L (2000) Position, shape, and dimension of the maxilla in unoperated cleft lip and palate patients: review of the literature. Clin Anat 13:121–133. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(2000)13:2%3c121:AID-CA6%3e3.0.CO;2-K
Mai CT, Cassell CH, Meyer RE et al (2014) Birth defects data from population-based birth defects surveillance programs in the United States, 2007 to 2011: highlighting orofacial clefts. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 100:895–904. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.23329.Birth
Morioka D, Yoshimoto S, Udagawa A et al (2007) Primary repair in adult patients with untreated cleft lip-cleft palate. Plast Reconstr Surg 120:1981–1988. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000287322.79619.de
Mossey PA, Little J, Munger RG et al (2009) Cleft lip and palate. Lancet 374:1773–1785. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60695-4
Nguyen DC, Patel KB, Parikh RP et al (2016) Five surgical maneuvers on nasal mucosa movement in cleft palate repair: a cadaver study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthe Surg 69:789–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2016.03.012
Ortiz-Monasterio F, Serrano-Rebeil A, Valderrama M (1959) Cephalometric measurements of adult patients with nonoperated cleft palates. Plast Reconstr Surg 24:53–61
Shetye PR (2004) Facial growth of adults with unoperated clefts. Clin Plast Surg 31:361–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-1298(03)00137-8
Tomaszewski KA, Henry BM, Kumar Ramakrishnan P et al (2017) Development of the anatomical quality assurance (AQUA) checklist: guidelines for reporting original anatomical studies. Clin Anat 30:14–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.22800
Watkins SE, Meyer RE, Strauss RP, Aylsworth AS (2014) Classification, epidemiology, and genetics of orofacial clefts. Clin Plast Surg 41:149–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cps.2013.12.003
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kikuta, S., Iwanaga, J., Kusukawa, J. et al. Untreated incomplete isolated cleft palate: cadaveric findings. Anat Sci Int 94, 154–157 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-018-00471-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-018-00471-1